{"pages":{"1":{"imagePath":"H:\\web_projects\\corpus-web\\electron-app\\data\\5e07978430078cb56ea89a104e5a0c0e50b3aa1618e48c486c8af005ae015143\\raw\\pages\\00025-f0cffb41d186df004892.webp","width":1170,"height":1680,"segments":[{"text":"1. TRADE RELATIONS BETWEEN THE ROMAN EMPIRE","box":{"x":130,"y":248,"width":876,"height":27}},{"text":"AND INDIA IN THE FIRST CENTURY A.D.","box":{"x":251,"y":281,"width":634,"height":25}},{"text":"Strabo, who lived during the time of Augustus, makes reference","box":{"x":193,"y":351,"width":782,"height":31}},{"text":"to trade between the Roman Empire and India. Strabo, 2.5.12.","box":{"x":169,"y":378,"width":808,"height":28}},{"text":"(5 A.D.) A short account is found in J. W. McCrindle, Ancient India","box":{"x":167,"y":401,"width":812,"height":28}},{"text":"as Described in Classical Literature, p. 98. A detailed discussion of the","box":{"x":171,"y":426,"width":806,"height":27}},{"text":"subject is found in the first five chapters of A. C. Perumalil, The","box":{"x":169,"y":452,"width":801,"height":29}},{"text":"Apostles in India.","box":{"x":165,"y":481,"width":210,"height":25}},{"text":"I was with Gallus at the time he was prefect of Egypt, and","box":{"x":169,"y":534,"width":855,"height":32}},{"text":"accompanied him as far as Syene and the frontiers of Ethiopia, and","box":{"x":120,"y":562,"width":905,"height":35}},{"text":"I found that about one hundred and twenty ships sail from Myos-","box":{"x":120,"y":590,"width":904,"height":34}},{"text":"Hormos to India.","box":{"x":119,"y":624,"width":238,"height":24}},{"text":"Pliny the Elder (23/24-79 A.D.) mentions voyages from the Roman","box":{"x":196,"y":664,"width":833,"height":31}},{"text":"Empire to India and the pepper trade. Pliny, 6.26. His writing on","box":{"x":168,"y":686,"width":862,"height":34}},{"text":"the subject is referred to in H. Wilfred Schoff, The Periplus of the","box":{"x":171,"y":713,"width":858,"height":29}},{"text":"Erythraean Sea. p. 232.","box":{"x":171,"y":744,"width":276,"height":25}},{"text":"The age that followed pointed out a shorter route, and a safer","box":{"x":167,"y":791,"width":861,"height":34}},{"text":"one to those who might happen to sail from the same promontory","box":{"x":120,"y":818,"width":908,"height":34}},{"text":"for Sergius, a port in India; and for a long time this route was","box":{"x":123,"y":847,"width":903,"height":34}},{"text":"followed, until at last a still shorter cut was discovered by a merchant,","box":{"x":125,"y":876,"width":901,"height":32}},{"text":"and the thirst for gain brought India even still nearer to us. At the","box":{"x":125,"y":904,"width":904,"height":31}},{"text":"present-day voyages are made to India every year..","box":{"x":126,"y":933,"width":704,"height":32}},{"text":"Pliny, 12.14. Schoff, p. 214.","box":{"x":188,"y":988,"width":339,"height":28}},{"text":"It is quite surprising that the use of pepper has come so much","box":{"x":169,"y":1033,"width":858,"height":35}},{"text":"into fashion, seeing that in other substances which we use, it is","box":{"x":125,"y":1060,"width":903,"height":34}},{"text":"sometimes their sweetness, and some times their appearance that","box":{"x":125,"y":1090,"width":901,"height":32}},{"text":"has attracted our notice; whereas, pepper has nothing in it that","box":{"x":126,"y":1117,"width":901,"height":34}},{"text":"can plead as a recommendation to either fruit or berry, its only","box":{"x":120,"y":1145,"width":908,"height":34}},{"text":"desirable quality being a certain pungency; and it is for this that","box":{"x":123,"y":1174,"width":905,"height":32}},{"text":"we import it all the way from India!","box":{"x":123,"y":1203,"width":515,"height":32}},{"text":"The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea (c. 50 A.D.), a travel account by an","box":{"x":200,"y":1247,"width":831,"height":27}},{"text":"unknown author, also refers to trade between Rome and India. Periplus,","box":{"x":175,"y":1273,"width":855,"height":28}},{"text":"52. Schoff, p. 43.","box":{"x":179,"y":1301,"width":214,"height":25}},{"text":"The market-towns of this region are, in order, after Barygaza:","box":{"x":171,"y":1350,"width":859,"height":32}},{"text":"Suppara, and the city of Calliena, which in the time of the elder","box":{"x":125,"y":1378,"width":904,"height":34}},{"text":"Saraganus became a lawful market-town; but since it came into","box":{"x":125,"y":1405,"width":904,"height":34}},{"text":"the possession of Sandares the port is much obstructed, and Greek","box":{"x":125,"y":1435,"width":905,"height":32}},{"text":"ships landing there may chance to be taken to Barygaza under","box":{"x":125,"y":1462,"width":905,"height":35}},{"text":"guard.","box":{"x":122,"y":1497,"width":95,"height":29}},{"text":"H.C.I.-1","box":{"x":221,"y":1535,"width":106,"height":22}}]}}}