{"pages":{"388":{"imagePath":"H:\\web_projects\\corpus-web\\electron-app\\data\\5e07978430078cb56ea89a104e5a0c0e50b3aa1618e48c486c8af005ae015143\\raw\\pages\\00412-d0ac1c41fac6a91cf8db.webp","width":1170,"height":1680,"segments":[{"text":"388","box":{"x":122,"y":140,"width":50,"height":18}},{"text":"HISTORY OF CHRISTIANITY IN INDIA","box":{"x":348,"y":140,"width":479,"height":20}},{"text":"open, due to the migration of other groups, or the break up of","box":{"x":123,"y":189,"width":928,"height":32}},{"text":"caste restrictions on traditional hereditary occupations. Christians","box":{"x":123,"y":217,"width":921,"height":32}},{"text":"can now more easily take up such work as spinning, weaving,","box":{"x":119,"y":245,"width":926,"height":34}},{"text":"tailoring, leather work in the village itself. An increasing number","box":{"x":125,"y":272,"width":921,"height":34}},{"text":"of young men must get into industry in larger centres and they","box":{"x":122,"y":301,"width":926,"height":32}},{"text":"should certainly be trained in skilled work, such as machines, lathes,","box":{"x":126,"y":329,"width":919,"height":32}},{"text":"iron, brass, pottery, etc. Commercial and other vocational training","box":{"x":126,"y":357,"width":922,"height":34}},{"text":"should also be available.","box":{"x":126,"y":385,"width":337,"height":27}},{"text":"Every one in the area feels that in the light of the social and","box":{"x":171,"y":442,"width":879,"height":34}},{"text":"economic changes that have taken place the need for radical re-","box":{"x":125,"y":472,"width":924,"height":29}},{"text":"thinking of our training and educational programme is most urgent.","box":{"x":129,"y":501,"width":924,"height":32}},{"text":"There is also the need to strengthen our pastoral work to provide","box":{"x":126,"y":527,"width":924,"height":32}},{"text":"adequate Christian nurture, so that the Christian message may find","box":{"x":129,"y":555,"width":922,"height":34}},{"text":"a vital expression through the life of Christian groups who are","box":{"x":129,"y":581,"width":921,"height":34}},{"text":"suffering or have suffered hardship and persecution in the disturbed","box":{"x":129,"y":609,"width":921,"height":32}},{"text":"areas. It is most encouraging to note the developments towards","box":{"x":129,"y":638,"width":919,"height":31}},{"text":"closer co-operation which have been taking place in these areas.","box":{"x":126,"y":665,"width":924,"height":32}},{"text":"Missions and Churches have realized that singly they cannot tackle","box":{"x":125,"y":693,"width":928,"height":31}},{"text":"these problems. They must act together in closest co-operation.","box":{"x":127,"y":722,"width":925,"height":34}},{"text":"A meeting of representatives of Missions and Churches in the area","box":{"x":123,"y":749,"width":928,"height":29}},{"text":"was held on February 17 and 18, 1948, when the situation arising","box":{"x":123,"y":777,"width":929,"height":34}},{"text":"out of the recent disturbances was considered comprehensively, and","box":{"x":129,"y":804,"width":924,"height":32}},{"text":"a decision was taken to form a United Board of representatives","box":{"x":132,"y":835,"width":919,"height":32}},{"text":"of all Churches and Missions. Such a step as this is in the right","box":{"x":129,"y":860,"width":924,"height":31}},{"text":"direction and is most necessary.","box":{"x":127,"y":890,"width":442,"height":27}},{"text":"186. THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA ON THE","box":{"x":195,"y":1001,"width":795,"height":25}},{"text":"FREEDOM OF RELIGION (1950 A.D.)","box":{"x":312,"y":1035,"width":561,"height":29}},{"text":"The freedom of the citizens of India to profess, practice and propa-","box":{"x":218,"y":1091,"width":785,"height":28}},{"text":"gate their religion is guaranteed by the Constitution adopted in 1950.","box":{"x":182,"y":1116,"width":819,"height":29}},{"text":"The following are the relevant clauses, identified by number.","box":{"x":181,"y":1140,"width":764,"height":28}},{"text":"25. (1) Subject to public order, morality and health and to the","box":{"x":161,"y":1203,"width":890,"height":34}},{"text":"other provisions of this Part, all persons are equally entitled to","box":{"x":127,"y":1232,"width":925,"height":34}},{"text":"freedom of conscience and the right freely to profess, practise and","box":{"x":130,"y":1261,"width":921,"height":35}},{"text":"propagate religion.","box":{"x":130,"y":1289,"width":262,"height":31}},{"text":"(2) Nothing in this article shall affect the operation of any","box":{"x":235,"y":1339,"width":817,"height":35}},{"text":"existing law or prevent the State from making any law-","box":{"x":132,"y":1368,"width":767,"height":34}},{"text":"(a) regulating or restricting any. economic, omic, financial,","box":{"x":287,"y":1412,"width":768,"height":41}},{"text":"political or other secular activity which may be","box":{"x":353,"y":1440,"width":701,"height":39}},{"text":"associated with religious institutions of a public","box":{"x":355,"y":1467,"width":698,"height":35}},{"text":"character to all classes and sections of Hindus...","box":{"x":353,"y":1496,"width":673,"height":31}}]},"389":{"imagePath":"H:\\web_projects\\corpus-web\\electron-app\\data\\5e07978430078cb56ea89a104e5a0c0e50b3aa1618e48c486c8af005ae015143\\raw\\pages\\00413-226069e51bfb739aac78.webp","width":1170,"height":1680,"segments":[{"text":"SOURCE MATERIALS","box":{"x":467,"y":151,"width":252,"height":15}},{"text":"389","box":{"x":1002,"y":147,"width":55,"height":21}},{"text":"Explanation I.-The wearing and carrying of kirpans","box":{"x":346,"y":199,"width":708,"height":31}},{"text":"shall be deemed to be included in the profession","box":{"x":354,"y":227,"width":704,"height":31}},{"text":"of the Sikh religion.","box":{"x":353,"y":256,"width":273,"height":29}},{"text":"Explanation II. In sub-clause (a) of clause (2), the","box":{"x":346,"y":297,"width":710,"height":34}},{"text":"reference to Hindus shall be construed as including","box":{"x":353,"y":329,"width":705,"height":29}},{"text":"a reference to persons professing the Sikh, Jaina","box":{"x":353,"y":355,"width":705,"height":32}},{"text":"or Buddhist religion, and the reference to Hindu","box":{"x":354,"y":380,"width":701,"height":34}},{"text":"religious institutions shall be construed accordingly.","box":{"x":354,"y":409,"width":704,"height":34}},{"text":"26. Subject to public order, morality and health, every religious","box":{"x":158,"y":463,"width":897,"height":35}},{"text":"denomination or any section thereof shall have the right-","box":{"x":127,"y":490,"width":805,"height":34}},{"text":"(a) to establish and maintain institutions for religious and","box":{"x":229,"y":537,"width":827,"height":34}},{"text":"charitable purposes;","box":{"x":302,"y":565,"width":288,"height":32}},{"text":"(b) to manage its own affairs in matters religious;","box":{"x":229,"y":603,"width":733,"height":35}},{"text":"(c)","box":{"x":227,"y":644,"width":48,"height":28}},{"text":"to own and acquire movable and immovable property;","box":{"x":305,"y":643,"width":753,"height":34}},{"text":"and","box":{"x":304,"y":673,"width":53,"height":20}},{"text":"(d) to administer such property in accordance with law.","box":{"x":237,"y":710,"width":788,"height":32}},{"text":"27. No person shall be compelled to pay any taxes, the proceeds","box":{"x":155,"y":765,"width":900,"height":34}},{"text":"of which are specifically appropriated in payment of expenses for","box":{"x":129,"y":793,"width":928,"height":35}},{"text":"the promotion or maintenance of any particular religion or religious","box":{"x":129,"y":821,"width":928,"height":34}},{"text":"denomination.","box":{"x":129,"y":851,"width":202,"height":22}},{"text":"28. (1) No religious instruction shall be provided in any educa-","box":{"x":160,"y":905,"width":898,"height":34}},{"text":"tional institutions wholly maintained out of State funds.","box":{"x":129,"y":933,"width":770,"height":32}},{"text":"(2) Nothing in clause (1) shall apply to an educational","box":{"x":228,"y":979,"width":830,"height":34}},{"text":"institution which is administered by the State but has been estab-","box":{"x":133,"y":1004,"width":924,"height":34}},{"text":"lished under any endowment or trust which requires that religious","box":{"x":132,"y":1035,"width":926,"height":34}},{"text":"instruction shall be imparted in such institution.","box":{"x":133,"y":1061,"width":670,"height":32}},{"text":"(3) No person attending any educational institution recog-","box":{"x":232,"y":1108,"width":827,"height":34}},{"text":"nized by the State or receiving aid out of State funds shall be required","box":{"x":133,"y":1135,"width":926,"height":32}},{"text":"to take part in any religious instruction that may be imparted in","box":{"x":133,"y":1164,"width":929,"height":32}},{"text":"such institution or to attend any religious worship that may be","box":{"x":132,"y":1192,"width":929,"height":35}},{"text":"conducted in such institution or in any premises attached thereto","box":{"x":133,"y":1219,"width":926,"height":32}},{"text":"unless such person or, if such person is a minor, his guardian has","box":{"x":130,"y":1248,"width":929,"height":32}},{"text":"given his consent thereto.","box":{"x":129,"y":1275,"width":360,"height":29}}]}}}