{"pages":{"6":{"imagePath":"H:\\web_projects\\corpus-web\\electron-app\\data\\5e07978430078cb56ea89a104e5a0c0e50b3aa1618e48c486c8af005ae015143\\raw\\pages\\00030-1f4d57ce202d73eee194.webp","width":1170,"height":1680,"segments":[{"text":"6","box":{"x":141,"y":146,"width":25,"height":17}},{"text":"HISTORY OF CHRISTIANITY IN INDIA","box":{"x":360,"y":151,"width":469,"height":18}},{"text":"9. AMBROSE ON CHRISTIAN CONTACTS WITH INDIA","box":{"x":143,"y":211,"width":900,"height":24}},{"text":"(333-397 A.D.)","box":{"x":494,"y":241,"width":203,"height":28}},{"text":"The reference to Brahmins in Ambrose of Milan's treatise De","box":{"x":232,"y":290,"width":764,"height":25}},{"text":"Moribus Brachmanorum makes it clear that the reference is to the","box":{"x":189,"y":315,"width":808,"height":25}},{"text":"Indian subcontinent. His knowledge of India was based upon the","box":{"x":193,"y":340,"width":803,"height":28}},{"text":"accounts of travellers as well as the Greek and Latin classics. Patro-","box":{"x":193,"y":369,"width":802,"height":24}},{"text":"logia Latina, Migne Edition, 17.1131. Translation in A. C. Perumalil,","box":{"x":192,"y":391,"width":803,"height":27}},{"text":"The Apostles in India, pp. 56-57.","box":{"x":193,"y":417,"width":406,"height":25}},{"text":"Since I, in fact, have not seen either them (Brahmins) or their","box":{"x":189,"y":469,"width":855,"height":31}},{"text":"country, for they are separated from our Europe by a vast","box":{"x":140,"y":496,"width":904,"height":35}},{"text":"stretch of land, I will try to narrate to you only those things","box":{"x":141,"y":523,"width":900,"height":34}},{"text":"I ave heard from others and gathered from authors... First, there-","box":{"x":140,"y":553,"width":901,"height":29}},{"text":"fore, our brother, Museus, the bishop of the Doleni, related to me","box":{"x":143,"y":581,"width":900,"height":29}},{"text":"that when going to the India, some years ago, with the intention","box":{"x":143,"y":609,"width":901,"height":31}},{"text":"of visiting the Brahmins he travelled through nearly the entire","box":{"x":141,"y":635,"width":900,"height":32}},{"text":"region of Serica.","box":{"x":143,"y":664,"width":218,"height":27}},{"text":"Ambrose also identifies St. Thomas with India. Patrologia Latina,","box":{"x":216,"y":703,"width":830,"height":28}},{"text":"14.1143. Loc. cit.","box":{"x":190,"y":729,"width":207,"height":20}},{"text":"Even those kingdoms which were shut out by rugged mountains","box":{"x":185,"y":775,"width":855,"height":31}},{"text":"became accessible to them, as India to Thomas, Persia to Matthew","box":{"x":141,"y":804,"width":850,"height":28}},{"text":"Again he refers to the journey of a certain Theban to India. Patrologia","box":{"x":210,"y":843,"width":833,"height":27}},{"text":"Latina, 17.1133. Loc. cit.","box":{"x":189,"y":867,"width":312,"height":24}},{"text":"Wherefore, he going on board a ship with some merchants in","box":{"x":181,"y":913,"width":861,"height":31}},{"text":"the Erythraean Sea or Mare Rubrum sailed first to the gulf of","box":{"x":137,"y":942,"width":905,"height":29}},{"text":"Adulis, saw the town of Adulitans, then the promontory of Aro-","box":{"x":134,"y":970,"width":903,"height":29}},{"text":"mata, and came to the emporium of the Troglodytes; thence he","box":{"x":137,"y":998,"width":901,"height":29}},{"text":"touched the lands of the Auxumitans, whence he sailed with favour-","box":{"x":139,"y":1026,"width":898,"height":29}},{"text":"able winds. After many days' voyage he came to Muziris, the","box":{"x":139,"y":1053,"width":898,"height":31}},{"text":"emporium of all India on this side of the Ganges.","box":{"x":136,"y":1082,"width":656,"height":29}},{"text":"10. RUFINUS OF AQUILEIA ON THE INTRODUCTION OF","box":{"x":136,"y":1167,"width":898,"height":27}},{"text":"CHRISTIANITY TO INDIA (345-410 A.D.)","box":{"x":290,"y":1195,"width":603,"height":28}},{"text":"In his Ecclesiastical History, 1.9, Rufinus describes the work of","box":{"x":221,"y":1247,"width":768,"height":28}},{"text":"Frumentius in what is clearly the Indian subcontinent. It should be","box":{"x":182,"y":1274,"width":805,"height":24}},{"text":"noted that the author believes that evangelistic work was not done there","box":{"x":186,"y":1301,"width":801,"height":24}},{"text":"prior to the time of Constantine. An account may be found in Socra-","box":{"x":183,"y":1325,"width":802,"height":22}},{"text":"tes, Ecclesiastical History, 1. XIX. Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers,","box":{"x":183,"y":1350,"width":803,"height":27}},{"text":"Vol. II, p. 23.","box":{"x":185,"y":1376,"width":174,"height":22}},{"text":"We must now mention in what manner Christianity was spread","box":{"x":175,"y":1427,"width":859,"height":31}},{"text":"in this emperor's (Constantine) reign for it was in his time that","box":{"x":133,"y":1455,"width":901,"height":31}},{"text":"the nations both of the Indians in the interior, and of the Iberians","box":{"x":133,"y":1483,"width":898,"height":27}},{"text":"first embraced the Christian faith. But I shall briefly explain why","box":{"x":134,"y":1510,"width":900,"height":32}}]},"7":{"imagePath":"H:\\web_projects\\corpus-web\\electron-app\\data\\5e07978430078cb56ea89a104e5a0c0e50b3aa1618e48c486c8af005ae015143\\raw\\pages\\00031-79770808433eab3105a7.webp","width":1170,"height":1680,"segments":[{"text":"SOURCE MATERIALS","box":{"x":456,"y":165,"width":245,"height":20}},{"text":"7","box":{"x":1008,"y":158,"width":22,"height":21}},{"text":"I have used the appended expression in the interior'. When the","box":{"x":127,"y":214,"width":900,"height":32}},{"text":"apostles went forth by lot among the nations, Thomas received","box":{"x":125,"y":241,"width":903,"height":34}},{"text":"the apostleship of the Parthians; Mathew was allotted Ethiopia;","box":{"x":127,"y":269,"width":898,"height":34}},{"text":"and Bartholomew the part of India contiguous to that country:","box":{"x":130,"y":298,"width":896,"height":31}},{"text":"but the interior India, in which many barbarious nations using","box":{"x":129,"y":324,"width":900,"height":31}},{"text":"different languages lived, was not enlightened by Christian doctrine","box":{"x":126,"y":352,"width":903,"height":32}},{"text":"before the times of Constantine. I now come to speak of the cause","box":{"x":126,"y":382,"width":901,"height":29}},{"text":"which led them to become converts, to Christianity. A certain","box":{"x":126,"y":408,"width":903,"height":31}},{"text":"philosopher, Meropius, a Tyrian by race, determined to acquaint","box":{"x":127,"y":433,"width":903,"height":35}},{"text":"himself with the country of the Indians, being stimulated to this","box":{"x":130,"y":462,"width":898,"height":32}},{"text":"by the example of the philosopher Metrodorus, who had previously","box":{"x":127,"y":490,"width":903,"height":35}},{"text":"travelled through the region of India. Having taken with him","box":{"x":129,"y":518,"width":901,"height":34}},{"text":"therefore two youths to whom he was related, who were by no","box":{"x":132,"y":545,"width":896,"height":35}},{"text":"means ignorant of the Greek language, Meropius reached the","box":{"x":129,"y":575,"width":901,"height":32}},{"text":"country by ship; and when he had inspected whatever he wished,","box":{"x":132,"y":602,"width":897,"height":32}},{"text":"he touched at a certain place which had a safe harbor, for the","box":{"x":129,"y":629,"width":900,"height":35}},{"text":"purpose of procuring some necessaries. It so happened that a","box":{"x":129,"y":658,"width":903,"height":35}},{"text":"little before that time the treaty between the Romans and Indians","box":{"x":133,"y":682,"width":894,"height":35}},{"text":"had been violated. The Indians, therefore, having seized the","box":{"x":130,"y":713,"width":900,"height":34}},{"text":"philosophor and those who sailed with him, killed them all except","box":{"x":126,"y":741,"width":903,"height":34}},{"text":"his two youthful kinsmen; but sparing them from compassion","box":{"x":133,"y":769,"width":898,"height":34}},{"text":"for their tender age, they sent them as a gift to the king of the Indians.","box":{"x":133,"y":796,"width":896,"height":31}},{"text":"He being pleased with the personal appearance of the youths,","box":{"x":130,"y":825,"width":898,"height":31}},{"text":"constituted one of them, whose name was Edesius, cup-bearer at his","box":{"x":130,"y":851,"width":900,"height":31}},{"text":"table; the other, named Frumentius, he entrusted with the care of","box":{"x":130,"y":879,"width":904,"height":32}},{"text":"the royal records. The king dying soon after, left them free, the","box":{"x":130,"y":908,"width":901,"height":31}},{"text":"government devolving on his wife and infant son. Now the queen","box":{"x":132,"y":933,"width":897,"height":32}},{"text":"seeing her son thus left in his minority, begged the young men to","box":{"x":134,"y":963,"width":896,"height":34}},{"text":"undertake the charge of him, until he should become of adult age.","box":{"x":130,"y":990,"width":900,"height":34}},{"text":"Accordingly, the youths accepted the task, and entered on the admin-","box":{"x":126,"y":1020,"width":905,"height":31}},{"text":"istration of the kingdom. Thus Frumentius controlled all things and","box":{"x":133,"y":1046,"width":898,"height":31}},{"text":"made it a task to enquire whether among the Roman merchants","box":{"x":134,"y":1075,"width":897,"height":32}},{"text":"trafficking with that country there were any Christians to be found:","box":{"x":132,"y":1104,"width":900,"height":29}},{"text":"and having discovered some, he informed them who he was, and","box":{"x":136,"y":1129,"width":897,"height":31}},{"text":"exhorted them to select and occupy some appropriate places for the","box":{"x":133,"y":1159,"width":900,"height":29}},{"text":"celebration of Christian worship. In the course of a little while he","box":{"x":137,"y":1185,"width":896,"height":32}},{"text":"built a house of prayer; and having instructed some of the Indians","box":{"x":133,"y":1213,"width":898,"height":31}},{"text":"in the principles of Christianity, they fitted them for participation","box":{"x":133,"y":1240,"width":901,"height":35}},{"text":"in the worship. On the young king's reaching maturity, Frumentius","box":{"x":133,"y":1266,"width":897,"height":35}},{"text":"and his associates resigned to him the administration of public","box":{"x":137,"y":1296,"width":896,"height":32}},{"text":"affairs, in the management of which they had honorably acquitted","box":{"x":136,"y":1323,"width":897,"height":32}},{"text":"themselves, and besought permission to return to their","box":{"x":133,"y":1353,"width":901,"height":31}},{"text":"own country. Both the king and his mother entreated them to","box":{"x":137,"y":1380,"width":894,"height":31}},{"text":"remain; but being desirous of revisiting their native place, they could","box":{"x":136,"y":1407,"width":897,"height":34}},{"text":"Edesius for his","box":{"x":826,"y":1431,"width":204,"height":27}},{"text":"not be prevailed on, and consequently departed.","box":{"x":137,"y":1438,"width":648,"height":32}},{"text":"part hastened to Tyre to see his parents and kindred; but Frumentius","box":{"x":132,"y":1463,"width":900,"height":32}},{"text":"arriving at Alexandria, reported the affairs to Athanasius the bishop,","box":{"x":133,"y":1489,"width":897,"height":35}},{"text":"who had but recently been invested with dignity; and acquainted","box":{"x":123,"y":1517,"width":908,"height":34}}]}}}