{
  "book_metadata": {
    "book_name": "History of Christianity in India: Source Materials",
    "book_author": "M. K. Kuriakose",
    "publisher": "Indian Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge",
    "published_on": "2011"
  },
  "chunks": [
    {
      "chunk_index": 1,
      "chapter_name": "1859. The Upper-Cloth Rebellion: Trevelyan’s Instruction to Cullen",
      "page_numbers": [
        189
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00213-c995317bc94411f95b40.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Trevelyan’s Instruction to Cullen",
      "chunk_data": "113. THE UPPER-CLOTH REBELLION: TREVELYAN'S INSTRUCTION TO CULLEN (1859 A.D.)\n\nThe following extract is from the Minute of the President (Madras) C. E. Trevelyan dated 6th May 1859, which consists mainly a copy of a letter sent to General Cullen, British Resident in Travancore. In effect the letter instructs the Resident to interfere in favour of the Shanar cause in the wake of the Upper-Cloth Rebellion (see previous entries). Cited in Copies of the Official Papers sent from India touching the Recent Disturbances in Travancore, 1859, pp. 43-44.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1859,
        "start_month": 5,
        "start_date": 6,
        "end_year": 1859,
        "end_month": 5,
        "end_date": 6,
        "time_display": "6 May 1859"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "C. E. Trevelyan",
          "General Cullen"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Madras",
          "Travancore",
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "C. E. Trevelyan recorded instructions directing the British Resident in Travancore to support the Shanar cause after the Upper-Cloth Rebellion.",
        "tags": [
          "Politics",
          "Religion",
          "Social Reform"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 2,
      "chapter_name": "1859. The Upper-Cloth Rebellion: Trevelyan’s Instruction to Cullen",
      "page_numbers": [
        189
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00213-c995317bc94411f95b40.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Trevelyan Writes to Cullen",
      "chunk_data": "I beg to submit to my colleagues a copy of the letter which I intimated to them my intention of writing to General Cullen, the Resident at Travancore:\n\nDear Sir,\n\nHaving now perused the whole of the correspondence relating to Travancore, I am able to write to you with confidence.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1859,
        "start_month": 5,
        "start_date": 6,
        "end_year": 1859,
        "end_month": 5,
        "end_date": 6,
        "time_display": "6 May 1859"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "C. E. Trevelyan",
          "General Cullen"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Travancore"
        ],
        "event": "C. E. Trevelyan submitted and introduced his letter to General Cullen after reviewing the correspondence about Travancore.",
        "tags": [
          "Politics",
          "Administration"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 3,
      "chapter_name": "1859. The Upper-Cloth Rebellion: Trevelyan’s Instruction to Cullen",
      "page_numbers": [
        189,
        190
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00213-c995317bc94411f95b40.webp",
        "raw\\pages\\00214-7fe3ea17ed7979b36adc.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Trevelyan Defends Shanar Women",
      "chunk_data": "The recent proceedings in reference to certain females of the Shanar class which have attracted so much attention, both in England and in India, require no comment from me. I have seldom met with a case in which not only truth and justice but every feeling of our common humanity are so entirely on one side. The whole civilized world would cry shame upon us if we did not make a firm stand on such an occasion.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1859,
        "start_month": 5,
        "start_date": 6,
        "end_year": 1859,
        "end_month": 5,
        "end_date": 6,
        "time_display": "6 May 1859"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "C. E. Trevelyan",
          "Shanar women"
        ],
        "places": [
          "England",
          "India",
          "Travancore"
        ],
        "event": "C. E. Trevelyan condemned the treatment of Shanar women and urged the British Government to take a firm stand for truth, justice, and humanity.",
        "tags": [
          "Social Reform",
          "Justice",
          "Politics"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 4,
      "chapter_name": "1859. The Upper-Cloth Rebellion: Trevelyan’s Instruction to Cullen",
      "page_numbers": [
        189,
        190
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00213-c995317bc94411f95b40.webp",
        "raw\\pages\\00214-7fe3ea17ed7979b36adc.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Royal Proclamation and Persecution",
      "chunk_data": "If anything could make this line of conduct more incumbent on us, it would be the extraordinary fact that persecution of a singularly personal and indelicate kind is attempted to be justified by a Royal proclamation, the special object of which was to assure to Her Majesty's Indian subjects liberty of thought and action, so long as they did not interfere with the just right of others.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1859,
        "start_month": 5,
        "start_date": 6,
        "end_year": 1859,
        "end_month": 5,
        "end_date": 6,
        "time_display": "6 May 1859"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "C. E. Trevelyan",
          "Queen Victoria"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Travancore",
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "C. E. Trevelyan argued that persecution of Shanar women could not be justified by a Royal proclamation guaranteeing liberty of thought and action.",
        "tags": [
          "Law",
          "Social Reform",
          "Religion"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 5,
      "chapter_name": "1859. The Upper-Cloth Rebellion: Trevelyan’s Instruction to Cullen",
      "page_numbers": [
        190
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00214-7fe3ea17ed7979b36adc.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Appeal to Royal Protection",
      "chunk_data": "I should fail in respect to Her Majesty if I attempted to describe the feelings with which she must regard the use made against Her own sex of the promises of protection so graciously accorded by Her.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1859,
        "start_month": 5,
        "start_date": 6,
        "end_year": 1859,
        "end_month": 5,
        "end_date": 6,
        "time_display": "6 May 1859"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "C. E. Trevelyan",
          "Queen Victoria",
          "Shanar women"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Travancore"
        ],
        "event": "C. E. Trevelyan stated that Queen Victoria would disapprove of the use of her promises of protection against women.",
        "tags": [
          "Monarchy",
          "Social Reform",
          "Justice"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 6,
      "chapter_name": "1859. The Upper-Cloth Rebellion: Trevelyan’s Instruction to Cullen",
      "page_numbers": [
        190
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00214-7fe3ea17ed7979b36adc.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Dewan Proposes Proclamation Changes",
      "chunk_data": "I, however, observe with pleasure, that in his letter to you, dated the 12th of February last, Madava Rao, the Dewan of Travancore, wrote to you as follows: 'The authority of the Sirkar having been vindicated, it may be desirable to take an early opportunity to consider what modifications should be made in the proclamation of 1004, so as to suit the requirements of altered times and circumstances, and satisfy parties as far as it may be possible to do so,' from which I infer that his Highness the Maha Raja is sensible that the conduct of a portion of his subjects towards the Shanar women belongs to an age of barbarism utterly unsuited to the present advanced stage of civilization in this country.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1859,
        "start_month": 2,
        "start_date": 12,
        "end_year": 1859,
        "end_month": 2,
        "end_date": 12,
        "time_display": "12 February 1859"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "C. E. Trevelyan",
          "Madava Rao",
          "Maha Raja",
          "Shanar women"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Travancore"
        ],
        "event": "Madava Rao proposed reviewing the proclamation of 1004, and C. E. Trevelyan inferred that the Maha Raja recognized the treatment of Shanar women as barbaric and unsuitable to modern civilization.",
        "tags": [
          "Politics",
          "Social Reform",
          "Law"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 7,
      "chapter_name": "1859. The Upper-Cloth Rebellion: Trevelyan’s Instruction to Cullen",
      "page_numbers": [
        190
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00214-7fe3ea17ed7979b36adc.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "British Government Rejects Restrictions",
      "chunk_data": "By the order of this Government, dated the 27th of January last, you were instructed to be careful to give no countenance to the idea that the British Government, of which you are the representative, 'recognise any exclusive distinctions, or the right of any set of men to prevent others from following, in all matters of social or domestic life, such course as they may see fit, provided it be not repugnant to public decency and morals. It will be your duty to impress these views on his Highness the Raja, and to point out to him that such prohibitions as those contained in the circular order of May 1814, or in the Proclamation of the 3rd February 1829, are unsuited to the present age, and unworthy of an enlightened prince, and that he is not to look for the support of the British Government in any attempts to maintain them, as respects any class of his subjects'.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1859,
        "start_month": 1,
        "start_date": 27,
        "end_year": 1859,
        "end_month": 1,
        "end_date": 27,
        "time_display": "27 January 1859"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "C. E. Trevelyan",
          "General Cullen",
          "Raja of Travancore"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Travancore"
        ],
        "event": "The British Government instructed General Cullen not to support exclusive social distinctions or restrictions preventing subjects from following lawful social and domestic practices.",
        "tags": [
          "Politics",
          "Law",
          "Social Reform"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 8,
      "chapter_name": "1859. The Upper-Cloth Rebellion: Trevelyan’s Instruction to Cullen",
      "page_numbers": [
        190
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00214-7fe3ea17ed7979b36adc.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Government Requests Travancore Arrangement",
      "chunk_data": "And by the further order of this Government, of the 12th March last, you were informed that the Government will hope to learn at an early date what arrangement has been made by the Dewan.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1859,
        "start_month": 3,
        "start_date": 12,
        "end_year": 1859,
        "end_month": 3,
        "end_date": 12,
        "time_display": "12 March 1859"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "C. E. Trevelyan",
          "Madava Rao"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Travancore"
        ],
        "event": "The Government requested an early report on the arrangement made by the Dewan of Travancore.",
        "tags": [
          "Politics",
          "Administration"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 9,
      "chapter_name": "1859. The Upper-Cloth Rebellion: Trevelyan’s Instruction to Cullen",
      "page_numbers": [
        190
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00214-7fe3ea17ed7979b36adc.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Cullen Must Report to Government",
      "chunk_data": "The principle on which it should proceed has already been laid down by Government in the last paragraph of Extract Minutes of Consultation, 27th January 1859. General Cullen will inform Government what communication he has held with his Highness the Raja in furtherance of the instructions then conveyed to him.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1859,
        "start_month": 1,
        "start_date": 27,
        "end_year": 1859,
        "end_month": 1,
        "end_date": 27,
        "time_display": "27 January 1859"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "General Cullen",
          "Raja of Travancore"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Travancore"
        ],
        "event": "General Cullen was instructed to report his communication with the Raja concerning the Government's January instructions.",
        "tags": [
          "Politics",
          "Administration"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 10,
      "chapter_name": "1859. The Upper-Cloth Rebellion: Trevelyan’s Instruction to Cullen",
      "page_numbers": [
        190
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00214-7fe3ea17ed7979b36adc.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Britain Must Enforce Toleration",
      "chunk_data": "The degree of interference which for many years past has been exercised by the representative of the British Government, in the affairs of Travancore, is so large, and his intervention so general, that the credit or discredit of the administration greatly rests with the British Government, and it has thereby become their duty to insist upon the observance of a system of toleration in a more decided manner than they would be at liberty to adopt if they had merely to bring their influence to bear on an independent State.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1859,
        "start_month": 5,
        "start_date": 6,
        "end_year": 1859,
        "end_month": 5,
        "end_date": 6,
        "time_display": "6 May 1859"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "C. E. Trevelyan",
          "General Cullen"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Travancore",
          "British India"
        ],
        "event": "C. E. Trevelyan argued that Britain's extensive intervention in Travancore made it responsible for enforcing religious and social toleration.",
        "tags": [
          "Politics",
          "Religion",
          "Colonial Rule"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}