{
  "book_metadata": {
    "book_name": "History of Christianity in India: Source Materials",
    "book_author": "M. K. Kuriakose",
    "publisher": "Indian Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge",
    "published_on": "2011"
  },
  "chunks": [
    {
      "chunk_index": 1,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        100
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00124-bde53a4d2102b56274fe.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Account of the Mattancheri Oath",
      "chunk_data": "78. AN ACCOUNT OF THE EVENTS ASSOCIATED WITH THE MATTANCHERI OATH OF THE SYRIAN CHRISTIANS (1821 A.D.)\nThe following is an account of the events leading up to the Mattancheri oath, when a portion of the Syrian Christians withdrew from the Roman communion. The author, a priest named Abraham, was writing from the Jacobite point of view to W. H. Mill. Cited in A. Mingana, The Early Spread of Christianity in India, pp. 50-53. This is a translation of the original Syriac.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1821,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1821,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1821 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Abraham",
          "W. H. Mill",
          "A. Mingana"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Mattancheri"
        ],
        "event": "A Jacobite priest's translated account describes the events leading to the Mattancheri Oath and the withdrawal of Syrian Christians from Roman communion.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Christianity",
          "History"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 2,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        100
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00124-bde53a4d2102b56274fe.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Thomas Arrives in India",
      "chunk_data": "In the year 52 of our Lord, the Apostle Thomas came to India and baptized many people.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 52,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 52,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "52 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Apostle Thomas"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "Apostle Thomas arrived in India and baptized many people.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Christianity",
          "Mission"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 3,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        100
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00124-bde53a4d2102b56274fe.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Thomas Establishes Churches",
      "chunk_data": "He built five churches, over which he set two men, and he went to Mailapore, where he evangelised, died, and was buried.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 52,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 72,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "c. 52-72 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Apostle Thomas"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Mailapore",
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "Apostle Thomas established five churches, appointed leaders, and later evangelised, died, and was buried at Mailapore.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Christianity",
          "Mission"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 4,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        100
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00124-bde53a4d2102b56274fe.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Thomas the Merchant Arrives",
      "chunk_data": "In the year 345, a Christian merchant named Thomas came to India by order of our Father the Patriarch Mar Ignatius.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 345,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 345,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "345 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Thomas",
          "Mar Ignatius"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "The Christian merchant Thomas arrived in India under the authority of Patriarch Mar Ignatius.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Christianity",
          "Migration"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 5,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        100
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00124-bde53a4d2102b56274fe.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Syrian Clergy Come to India",
      "chunk_data": "With him came also bishops, priests, deacons, and Christian laymen, who inhabited this land, and preached to us the way of truth.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 345,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 345,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "345 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Thomas",
          "Syrian bishops",
          "Syrian priests",
          "Syrian deacons"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "Bishops, priests, deacons, and Christian laymen accompanied Thomas, settled in India, and preached Christianity.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Christianity",
          "Migration"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 6,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        100
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00124-bde53a4d2102b56274fe.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Archdeacons Lead Indian Diocese",
      "chunk_data": "They selected men from those who had previously received ordination from the Apostle Thomas, placed them at the head of the diocese of India, and ordained them archdeacons.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 345,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 345,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "345 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Apostle Thomas",
          "Archdeacons"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "The incoming Christian leaders appointed men ordained by Apostle Thomas to lead the Indian diocese as archdeacons.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Church",
          "Leadership"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 7,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        100
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00124-bde53a4d2102b56274fe.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Job and the Syrian Bishops",
      "chunk_data": "In the year 825 of our Lord, a merchant called Job came and dwelt in this land, with two Syrian bishops.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 825,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 825,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "825 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Job",
          "Two Syrian bishops"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "The merchant Job settled in India with two Syrian bishops.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Christianity",
          "Migration"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 8,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        100
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00124-bde53a4d2102b56274fe.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Jacobite Tradition Before 1545",
      "chunk_data": "We were orthodox Jacobites in our habits from the beginning of the preaching of the Apostle Thomas down to the year 1545.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 52,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1545,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "52-1545 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Apostle Thomas"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "The Syrian Christians describe themselves as having remained orthodox Jacobites from the time of Apostle Thomas until 1545.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Christianity",
          "Identity"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 9,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        100
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00124-bde53a4d2102b56274fe.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Bishop Abraham Introduces Books",
      "chunk_data": "After that came a bishop named Abraham, by order of Mar Elijah, and brought many books with him. We received ordination from him, because we were deprived of bishops.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1545,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1545,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "After 1545 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Bishop Abraham",
          "Mar Elijah"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "Bishop Abraham arrived under Mar Elijah's authority, brought books, and ordained Syrian Christians who lacked bishops.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Church",
          "Leadership"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 10,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        100
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00124-bde53a4d2102b56274fe.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Portuguese Control Mar Abraham",
      "chunk_data": "In that time the king of the Portuguese had under his command the fortress of Cochin, where he conducted Mar Abraham by force; after that he brought him to Rome and made him submit to the Pope, who gave him power over all the dioceses of India.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1545,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1598,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "After 1545, before 1598 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Mar Abraham",
          "The Pope",
          "King of Portugal"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Cochin",
          "Rome",
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "Portuguese authorities forcibly took Mar Abraham to Rome, where he submitted to the Pope and received authority over India's dioceses.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Politics",
          "Colonialism"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 11,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        100
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00124-bde53a4d2102b56274fe.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Frankish Practices Spread",
      "chunk_data": "He came back here and he preached to us the habits of the Franks. After the death of Mar Abraham, Purgis, the Governor of Cochin, gave much money to the King of Cochin who then greatly molested the archdeacon and the faithful of the Syrian community.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1550,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1598,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "Before 1598 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Mar Abraham",
          "Purgis",
          "Governor of Cochin",
          "King of Cochin",
          "The Archdeacon"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Cochin"
        ],
        "event": "Mar Abraham preached Frankish practices, after which Purgis bribed the King of Cochin to harass the Syrian archdeacon and community.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Politics",
          "Conflict"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 12,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        100
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00124-bde53a4d2102b56274fe.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Syrians Adopt Frankish Customs",
      "chunk_data": "In the year of our Lord 1598, we forsook the habits of the Syrians, and followed those of the Franks, and in that time the priests refrained from lawful marriage.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1598,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1598,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1598 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Syrian priests"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "The Syrian Christians adopted Frankish customs, and their priests ceased lawful marriage.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Church",
          "Culture"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 13,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        100,
        101
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00124-bde53a4d2102b56274fe.webp",
        "raw\\pages\\00125-085043d699e9ca17da42.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Patriarch Ignatius Visits Mylapore",
      "chunk_data": "In the year 1653 our Father Ignatius, Patriarch of Antioch, came to Mylapore. Two deacons went from Malabar to the church of Mailapore, in order to worship before the grave of St. Thomas the Apostle.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1653,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1653,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1653 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Ignatius, Patriarch of Antioch",
          "Two deacons",
          "St. Thomas the Apostle"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Mylapore",
          "Mailapore",
          "Malabar"
        ],
        "event": "Patriarch Ignatius of Antioch came to Mylapore, and two Malabar deacons traveled there to venerate the grave of St. Thomas.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Pilgrimage",
          "Christianity"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 14,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        101
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00125-085043d699e9ca17da42.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Franks Restrict the Deacons",
      "chunk_data": "When our Father Mar Ignatius saw the deacons, and recognised them, he wept, and they also wept with him. This scene having been noticed by the Franks, they set up watchmen over them, in order to impede the deacons from seeing and speaking to our Father Mar Ignatius; there was no bishop from our own race, and they were the masters of the dioceses of India.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1653,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1653,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1653 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Mar Ignatius",
          "Two deacons",
          "The Franks"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "Mar Ignatius recognized and mourned with the deacons, while the Franks placed watchmen to prevent their communication.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Conflict",
          "Church"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 15,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        101
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00125-085043d699e9ca17da42.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Ignatius Authorizes Thomas",
      "chunk_data": "Once, however, our Father Mar Ignatius made a secret sign to the deacons, and granted them a letter of recommendation to elect bishop the Archdeacon Thomas, and gave them leave to depart.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1653,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1653,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1653 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Mar Ignatius",
          "Archdeacon Thomas",
          "Two deacons"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "Mar Ignatius secretly instructed the deacons to recommend Archdeacon Thomas for episcopal election and permitted them to leave.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Church",
          "Leadership"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 16,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        101
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00125-085043d699e9ca17da42.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Thomas Sends Letters to Churches",
      "chunk_data": "When the deacons reached Malabar, they delivered the Patriarchal letter to the Archdeacon Thomas, who despatched letters to this effect to the churches.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1653,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1653,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1653 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Two deacons",
          "Archdeacon Thomas"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Malabar"
        ],
        "event": "The deacons delivered the patriarchal letter to Archdeacon Thomas, who informed the churches.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Church",
          "Communication"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 17,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        101
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00125-085043d699e9ca17da42.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Malabar Christians Seek Ignatius",
      "chunk_data": "When all the priests, deacons, and Christian laymen of Malabar came to him, and heard our Father, Mar Ignatius, had arrived at the fortress of Cochin, they repaired there without delay and implored the pagan king of Cochin to summon their Father Mar Ignatius, and deliver him to them.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1653,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1653,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1653 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Mar Ignatius",
          "Priests of Malabar",
          "Deacons of Malabar",
          "Christian laymen of Malabar",
          "King of Cochin"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Malabar",
          "Cochin"
        ],
        "event": "The Christians of Malabar traveled to Cochin and petitioned its king to summon and release Mar Ignatius.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Politics",
          "Protest"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 18,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        101
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00125-085043d699e9ca17da42.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "King Promises to Release Ignatius",
      "chunk_data": "The king answered them: To-morrow I will summon him and deliver him to you.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1653,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1653,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1653 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "King of Cochin",
          "Mar Ignatius"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Cochin"
        ],
        "event": "The King of Cochin promised to summon Mar Ignatius and hand him over to the Syrian Christians.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Politics",
          "Diplomacy"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 19,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        101
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00125-085043d699e9ca17da42.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Franks Bribe the King",
      "chunk_data": "This, however, became known to the Franks who gave much money to the king of Cochin, and he permitted them to do as they wished.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1653,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1653,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1653 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "The Franks",
          "King of Cochin"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Cochin"
        ],
        "event": "The Franks bribed the King of Cochin, who allowed them to act against Mar Ignatius.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Politics",
          "Conflict"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 20,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        101
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00125-085043d699e9ca17da42.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Ignatius Is Thrown into the Sea",
      "chunk_data": "In that very night the Franks tied a large stone round the neck of the blessed Patriarch, and threw him into the depth of the sea. The moment the blessed Patriarch died, the pagan king also died.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1653,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1653,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1653 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Mar Ignatius",
          "King of Cochin",
          "The Franks"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Cochin",
          "Arabian Sea"
        ],
        "event": "The Franks drowned Mar Ignatius, and the King of Cochin died immediately afterward.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Conflict",
          "Martyrdom"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 21,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        101
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00125-085043d699e9ca17da42.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "The Mattancheri Oath",
      "chunk_data": "After these events all the Syrian parties assembled in the church of Mattancheri, and each one of them swore in the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, that they will have no more love for, nor union and communion with, the Franks, and they established Archdeacon Thomas the head of all the churches of the Syrians, in accordance with the order of our Father the Patriarch Ignatius.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1653,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1653,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1653 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Archdeacon Thomas",
          "Patriarch Ignatius",
          "Syrian Christians"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Mattancheri"
        ],
        "event": "The Syrian parties assembled at Mattancheri, swore to reject communion with the Franks, and established Archdeacon Thomas as head of the Syrian churches.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Church",
          "Schism"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 22,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        101
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00125-085043d699e9ca17da42.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Bishop Joseph Divides Syrians",
      "chunk_data": "After this, in the year 1660, Bishop Joseph came to Malabar, but we did not follow him. A short time after this bishop Joseph called a priest named Alexander, from the family of bishop Thomas, and by fraud and deceit he persuaded him to receive episcopal ordination; this divided the Syrians of Malabar into two camps.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1660,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1660,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1660 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Bishop Joseph",
          "Alexander",
          "Bishop Thomas"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Malabar"
        ],
        "event": "Bishop Joseph arrived in Malabar, persuaded Alexander to accept episcopal ordination, and divided the Syrian community into two camps.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Church",
          "Schism"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 23,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        101
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00125-085043d699e9ca17da42.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Gregory and Basil Restore Customs",
      "chunk_data": "In the year one thousand our Father Mar Gregory came to us, and in the year 1685 we were visited also by our Fathers Mar Basil the Maphryan and Bishop Mar John, who turned us away from the habits of the Franks, and made us contract the habits of our fathers, which we have faithfully kept down to our own days without addition or diminution.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1685,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1685,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "By 1685 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Mar Gregory",
          "Mar Basil the Maphryan",
          "Bishop Mar John"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Malabar"
        ],
        "event": "Mar Gregory, Mar Basil, and Mar John turned the Syrian Christians away from Frankish practices and restored ancestral customs.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Church",
          "Tradition"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 24,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        101
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00125-085043d699e9ca17da42.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Mar Gabriel Causes a Schism",
      "chunk_data": "In the year 1708 our Lord Bishop Mar Gabriel came to us by order of Mar Elijah the Catholicose, and preached to us the doctrine of two natures and two persons in Christ, and because of this a great schism occurred in our midst.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1708,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1708,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1708 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Mar Gabriel",
          "Mar Elijah the Catholicose"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Malabar"
        ],
        "event": "Mar Gabriel arrived under Mar Elijah's authority, preached the doctrine of two natures and two persons in Christ, and caused a major schism.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Doctrine",
          "Schism"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 25,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        101
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00125-085043d699e9ca17da42.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Some Syrians Follow Gabriel",
      "chunk_data": "A few people from our camp and the camp of the Franks followed him.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1708,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1708,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1708 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Mar Gabriel",
          "Syrian Christians"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Malabar"
        ],
        "event": "A small number of Syrian Christians from both camps followed Mar Gabriel.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Schism",
          "Christianity"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 26,
      "chapter_name": "1821. An Account of the Events Associated with the Mattancheri Oath of the Syrian Christians",
      "page_numbers": [
        101
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00125-085043d699e9ca17da42.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Gabriel Changes Worship Practices",
      "chunk_data": "He offered the sacrifice of the Mass with leavened and unleavened bread, and instituted fasting according to the habit of the",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1708,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": null,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1708 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Mar Gabriel"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Malabar"
        ],
        "event": "Mar Gabriel celebrated Mass with both leavened and unleavened bread and introduced fasting according to a particular tradition.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Worship",
          "Doctrine"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}