{"pages":{"385":{"imagePath":"H:\\web_projects\\corpus-web\\electron-app\\data\\5e07978430078cb56ea89a104e5a0c0e50b3aa1618e48c486c8af005ae015143\\raw\\pages\\00409-e35496e38ef5158057d0.webp","width":1170,"height":1680,"segments":[{"text":"SOURCE MATERIALS","box":{"x":453,"y":132,"width":252,"height":20}},{"text":"385","box":{"x":989,"y":130,"width":55,"height":18}},{"text":"member that the united Church, on account of its origin and history,","box":{"x":123,"y":182,"width":917,"height":28}},{"text":"must have special relations with the Churches in the West through","box":{"x":122,"y":209,"width":917,"height":32}},{"text":"which it has come into existence, and they are confident that it will so","box":{"x":118,"y":237,"width":921,"height":29}},{"text":"regulate its acts as to maintain fellowship both with those Churches","box":{"x":123,"y":265,"width":915,"height":32}},{"text":"and with other branches of the Catholic Church with which the","box":{"x":120,"y":291,"width":918,"height":28}},{"text":"uniting Churches are now in communion.","box":{"x":120,"y":322,"width":564,"height":28}},{"text":"They also recognize that the united Church, as a part of the","box":{"x":167,"y":367,"width":873,"height":29}},{"text":"Church Universal, must give full weight to the pronouncements of","box":{"x":118,"y":393,"width":925,"height":31}},{"text":"bodies representative of the whole Church, and, in particular,","box":{"x":116,"y":422,"width":924,"height":34}},{"text":"would desire to take part in the deliberations and decisions of an","box":{"x":116,"y":448,"width":925,"height":31}},{"text":"Ecumenical Council, if such should in the mercy of God be some","box":{"x":113,"y":473,"width":929,"height":35}},{"text":"day called together...","box":{"x":116,"y":508,"width":297,"height":28}},{"text":"THE DEVELOPMENT OF FULL UNITY IN MINISTRY AND","box":{"x":120,"y":585,"width":921,"height":22}},{"text":"LIFE WITHIN THE UNITED CHURCH","box":{"x":291,"y":616,"width":578,"height":24}},{"text":"16. The uniting Churches agree that it is their intention and","box":{"x":146,"y":671,"width":894,"height":29}},{"text":"expectation that eventually every minister exercising a permanent","box":{"x":115,"y":699,"width":924,"height":34}},{"text":"ministry in the united Church will be an episcopally ordained","box":{"x":115,"y":720,"width":925,"height":41}},{"text":"minister.","box":{"x":115,"y":756,"width":119,"height":24}},{"text":"For the thirty years succeeding the inauguration of the union,","box":{"x":161,"y":799,"width":878,"height":31}},{"text":"the ministers of any Church whose missions have founded the","box":{"x":118,"y":826,"width":922,"height":31}},{"text":"originally separate parts of the united Church may be received as","box":{"x":115,"y":855,"width":924,"height":32}},{"text":"ministers of the united Church. After this period of thirty years,","box":{"x":116,"y":884,"width":922,"height":31}},{"text":"the united Church must determine for itself whether it will continue","box":{"x":116,"y":911,"width":919,"height":25}},{"text":"to make any exceptions to the rule that its ministry is an episcopally","box":{"x":116,"y":940,"width":922,"height":31}},{"text":"ordained ministry, and generally under what conditions it will","box":{"x":116,"y":965,"width":921,"height":34}},{"text":"receive ministers from other Churches into its ministry...","box":{"x":118,"y":995,"width":774,"height":29}},{"text":"185. CONDITION OF CHRISTIANS IN EAST PUNJAB","box":{"x":115,"y":1085,"width":921,"height":25}},{"text":"FOLLOWING PARTITION (1948 A.D.)","box":{"x":294,"y":1120,"width":567,"height":29}},{"text":"In this account Dr. E. C. Bhatty of the National Christian Council","box":{"x":203,"y":1173,"width":785,"height":25}},{"text":"of India describes the impact of partition and the consequent exchange","box":{"x":167,"y":1198,"width":822,"height":25}},{"text":"of population upon the Christian community in the Punjab, with","box":{"x":168,"y":1222,"width":819,"height":28}},{"text":"special reference to the East. It is to be noted that the prediction that","box":{"x":169,"y":1247,"width":819,"height":27}},{"text":"Christians would not, in the future, be able to earn their living from","box":{"x":165,"y":1274,"width":824,"height":27}},{"text":"land' turned out to be incorrect. The United Church Review, Vol.","box":{"x":168,"y":1299,"width":823,"height":25}},{"text":"XXI, (June 1948), pp. 136-137.","box":{"x":165,"y":1323,"width":376,"height":27}},{"text":"Reports from some areas in East Punjab show that Christians","box":{"x":129,"y":1381,"width":907,"height":34}},{"text":"have been adversely affected by the Partition and the consequent","box":{"x":115,"y":1407,"width":924,"height":35}},{"text":"interchange of population. We have no reports from the Gurgaon","box":{"x":116,"y":1436,"width":921,"height":35}},{"text":"and Rohtak districts where some Christians are alleged to have","box":{"x":118,"y":1462,"width":921,"height":35}},{"text":"suffered loss of property. With one or two exceptions, no loss of","box":{"x":119,"y":1495,"width":925,"height":32}},{"text":"H.C.I.-25","box":{"x":217,"y":1534,"width":120,"height":24}}]},"386":{"imagePath":"H:\\web_projects\\corpus-web\\electron-app\\data\\5e07978430078cb56ea89a104e5a0c0e50b3aa1618e48c486c8af005ae015143\\raw\\pages\\00410-8c859f2da0164271e86d.webp","width":1170,"height":1680,"segments":[{"text":"386","box":{"x":125,"y":137,"width":57,"height":18}},{"text":"HISTORY OF CHRISTIANITY IN INDIA","box":{"x":351,"y":141,"width":477,"height":18}},{"text":"life occurred. Threats and persecution continue in individual","box":{"x":127,"y":188,"width":917,"height":31}},{"text":"cases in these districts. There has been some loss of life and pro-","box":{"x":125,"y":218,"width":918,"height":28}},{"text":"perty in other districts of East Punjab. The following details","box":{"x":125,"y":244,"width":918,"height":32}},{"text":"from a few areas give some idea of the nature and extent of loss:","box":{"x":123,"y":270,"width":875,"height":31}},{"text":"Ferozepore:","box":{"x":122,"y":337,"width":176,"height":27}},{"text":"Christians migrated from W. to E. Punjab","box":{"x":123,"y":378,"width":599,"height":32}},{"text":"500 families","box":{"x":791,"y":382,"width":167,"height":22}},{"text":"Killed","box":{"x":153,"y":414,"width":95,"height":21}},{"text":"150 persons","box":{"x":788,"y":413,"width":164,"height":29}},{"text":"Property looted worth","box":{"x":153,"y":446,"width":309,"height":29}},{"text":"Rs. 1,00,000","box":{"x":794,"y":448,"width":167,"height":28}},{"text":"Loss through floods","box":{"x":153,"y":479,"width":277,"height":29}},{"text":"Rs. 3,00,000","box":{"x":794,"y":482,"width":167,"height":28}},{"text":"Guruhar Sahai and Mamdot:","box":{"x":125,"y":540,"width":399,"height":24}},{"text":"Villages affected by flood","box":{"x":153,"y":587,"width":350,"height":27}},{"text":"11","box":{"x":809,"y":589,"width":32,"height":18}},{"text":"1","box":{"x":826,"y":624,"width":15,"height":17}},{"text":"Villages looted","box":{"x":151,"y":617,"width":210,"height":29}},{"text":"74 persons 394","box":{"x":789,"y":651,"width":253,"height":29}},{"text":"Families rendered destitute","box":{"x":153,"y":650,"width":375,"height":25}},{"text":"Rs. 16,589","box":{"x":795,"y":685,"width":141,"height":31}},{"text":"Estimated loss of property of these families..","box":{"x":153,"y":685,"width":607,"height":31}},{"text":"Moga:","box":{"x":120,"y":746,"width":106,"height":28}},{"text":"Loss of life","box":{"x":155,"y":785,"width":155,"height":22}},{"text":"23 persons","box":{"x":806,"y":784,"width":150,"height":31}},{"text":"Loss of houses, with their belongings","box":{"x":155,"y":816,"width":509,"height":31}},{"text":"72 families","box":{"x":809,"y":818,"width":150,"height":24}},{"text":"Loss of household effects to looters","box":{"x":157,"y":848,"width":486,"height":27}},{"text":"55 families","box":{"x":809,"y":851,"width":148,"height":24}},{"text":"Loss of Life: Causes","box":{"x":125,"y":913,"width":295,"height":22}},{"text":"(1) Some were killed through joining the groups of raiders.","box":{"x":171,"y":955,"width":808,"height":31}},{"text":"(2) Some were killed from enmity.","box":{"x":168,"y":993,"width":490,"height":32}},{"text":"(3) Some were killed in the course of indiscriminate slaughter.","box":{"x":172,"y":1033,"width":868,"height":32}},{"text":"(4) Some were killed who had fraternized with Muslims in the","box":{"x":172,"y":1070,"width":868,"height":34}},{"text":"past.","box":{"x":235,"y":1106,"width":67,"height":24}},{"text":"Social Disabilities and Persecution :","box":{"x":129,"y":1166,"width":480,"height":25}},{"text":"New type of social disabilities are being imposed to which","box":{"x":174,"y":1208,"width":866,"height":34}},{"text":"Christians were not accustomed. Demands are being made on","box":{"x":130,"y":1238,"width":914,"height":31}},{"text":"them for kinds of menial service which they have not formerly","box":{"x":130,"y":1264,"width":912,"height":32}},{"text":"rendered. In Patiala, wells formerly used jointly by Muslims and","box":{"x":132,"y":1292,"width":911,"height":34}},{"text":"Christians have been closed for Christians by the new landlords.","box":{"x":129,"y":1319,"width":912,"height":32}},{"text":"Forced labour has been familiar. Belongings of Christians have","box":{"x":129,"y":1348,"width":912,"height":32}},{"text":"been forcibly taken by refugees. Obviously these things happen","box":{"x":127,"y":1369,"width":919,"height":42}},{"text":"because a certain section of the people have little regard left for law","box":{"x":129,"y":1407,"width":912,"height":29}},{"text":"and order. The Government of East Punjab is, however, making","box":{"x":132,"y":1432,"width":910,"height":34}},{"text":"desperate efforts to restore law and order to restrain the activities","box":{"x":130,"y":1460,"width":911,"height":32}},{"text":"of the lawless element.","box":{"x":130,"y":1489,"width":306,"height":25}}]},"387":{"imagePath":"H:\\web_projects\\corpus-web\\electron-app\\data\\5e07978430078cb56ea89a104e5a0c0e50b3aa1618e48c486c8af005ae015143\\raw\\pages\\00411-b87c92b151ad7e054cca.webp","width":1170,"height":1680,"segments":[{"text":"SOURCE MATERIALS","box":{"x":451,"y":150,"width":253,"height":17}},{"text":"387","box":{"x":985,"y":144,"width":57,"height":22}},{"text":"Economic Status:","box":{"x":116,"y":199,"width":246,"height":21}},{"text":"Those who were employed as Contract labourers by Muslims","box":{"x":161,"y":242,"width":876,"height":32}},{"text":"lost their share of grain. They could not claim their share of the","box":{"x":116,"y":268,"width":922,"height":32}},{"text":"crop as they were employed as private labourers. Those cultivating","box":{"x":112,"y":298,"width":928,"height":32}},{"text":"land on batai system are however, secure.","box":{"x":115,"y":325,"width":572,"height":29}},{"text":"Reports from all areas indicated that the place of Christians on","box":{"x":155,"y":385,"width":883,"height":34}},{"text":"the land, and in agricultural work generally, is becoming very","box":{"x":115,"y":412,"width":925,"height":35}},{"text":"insecure. Dr. H. J. Strickler, for instance, reports, in the Batala","box":{"x":115,"y":442,"width":925,"height":35}},{"text":"area the Christians are being entirely left out in the re-distribution","box":{"x":116,"y":468,"width":921,"height":32}},{"text":"of land. An effort has been made in Kapurthala to have some of","box":{"x":108,"y":496,"width":932,"height":38}},{"text":"the land left by Muslims given to Christians, but but it now appears","box":{"x":115,"y":517,"width":921,"height":39}},{"text":"that the authorities are unwilling to let the Christians have land,","box":{"x":112,"y":551,"width":925,"height":34}},{"text":"because they want a landless servant class in the villages. In some","box":{"x":112,"y":579,"width":925,"height":34}},{"text":"areas it is reported that Christian tenants on land have had their","box":{"x":116,"y":607,"width":922,"height":31}},{"text":"crops stolen or destroyed. The Salvation Army reports that on","box":{"x":112,"y":635,"width":926,"height":34}},{"text":"both sides of the line they have been receiving petitions for help","box":{"x":109,"y":663,"width":926,"height":36}},{"text":"from Christians, who say they are going to be displaced and turned","box":{"x":113,"y":691,"width":924,"height":32}},{"text":"off the land, when the present crop is harvested. Also it is expected","box":{"x":112,"y":719,"width":924,"height":35}},{"text":"that the food situation will become much worse for Christians","box":{"x":112,"y":747,"width":922,"height":29}},{"text":"after the grain they now have, purchased cheaply during the distur-","box":{"x":113,"y":775,"width":922,"height":34}},{"text":"bances, is exhausted'. Rev. E. Y. Campbell from Jullundhar","box":{"x":109,"y":804,"width":926,"height":32}},{"text":"reports that Christians who are cultivating land on the basis of a","box":{"x":115,"y":832,"width":922,"height":31}},{"text":"six months' lease, will not get a renewal as the land will be allotted","box":{"x":112,"y":858,"width":922,"height":31}},{"text":"to refugees. The families which have been rendered destitute need","box":{"x":112,"y":886,"width":921,"height":29}},{"text":"grain and clothing.","box":{"x":109,"y":916,"width":265,"height":29}},{"text":"Report has also come that Christians on the land in Bhavalpur","box":{"x":154,"y":972,"width":879,"height":32}},{"text":"State are being threatened by Muslims and the State authorities","box":{"x":112,"y":1000,"width":919,"height":29}},{"text":"have expressed inability to guarantee protection. In the section","box":{"x":108,"y":1025,"width":925,"height":32}},{"text":"of Kasure Tahsil on the India side of the border there has been","box":{"x":112,"y":1054,"width":921,"height":28}},{"text":"pressure on Christians, and threats that unless they again become","box":{"x":105,"y":1081,"width":926,"height":36}},{"text":"Mazahabi Sikhs they will not be allowed to stay. This has been","box":{"x":106,"y":1106,"width":928,"height":35}},{"text":"brought to the attention of the Ministers who have promised to","box":{"x":105,"y":1138,"width":926,"height":32}},{"text":"put an end to these threats. The matter of the Bhavalpur Christians","box":{"x":106,"y":1166,"width":924,"height":32}},{"text":"has also been brought to the attention of the Government of","box":{"x":105,"y":1194,"width":931,"height":35}},{"text":"India, and Mr. Leslie Cross of the Friends' Service Unit, who has","box":{"x":109,"y":1222,"width":922,"height":31}},{"text":"gone to Bhavalpur State to assist in evacuation of non-Muslims","box":{"x":106,"y":1250,"width":922,"height":29}},{"text":"has been asked to investigate and, if need be, to make representa-","box":{"x":106,"y":1277,"width":922,"height":32}},{"text":"tions to His Highness on behalf of the Christians. The Govern-","box":{"x":106,"y":1302,"width":924,"height":35}},{"text":"ment will be prepared to evacuate them if such an emergency arises.","box":{"x":105,"y":1333,"width":925,"height":34}},{"text":"The general consensus of opinion is that Christians can no","box":{"x":152,"y":1394,"width":879,"height":34}},{"text":"longer earn their living from land, and must now look more to","box":{"x":109,"y":1422,"width":919,"height":32}},{"text":"industry. How far they will be able to continue to live in villages","box":{"x":111,"y":1450,"width":918,"height":35}},{"text":"while dependent on other occupations is a question requiring","box":{"x":102,"y":1476,"width":929,"height":36}},{"text":"careful study. Some occupations formerly closed may now be","box":{"x":106,"y":1506,"width":924,"height":34}}]}}}