{"pages":{"73":{"imagePath":"H:\\web_projects\\corpus-web\\electron-app\\data\\5e07978430078cb56ea89a104e5a0c0e50b3aa1618e48c486c8af005ae015143\\raw\\pages\\00097-1c6cb25dfdb9279393ff.webp","width":1170,"height":1680,"segments":[{"text":"SOURCE MATERIALS","box":{"x":453,"y":151,"width":246,"height":21}},{"text":"73","box":{"x":991,"y":146,"width":38,"height":20}},{"text":"life; to fear nothing, for no evil would follow her refusal to burn.","box":{"x":126,"y":198,"width":898,"height":35}},{"text":"But she in the most calm manner mounted the pile, and danced on","box":{"x":122,"y":227,"width":904,"height":32}},{"text":"it with her hands extended, as if in the utmost tranquility of spirit.","box":{"x":130,"y":253,"width":894,"height":35}},{"text":"Previous to her mounting the pile the relation whose office it was","box":{"x":126,"y":282,"width":898,"height":35}},{"text":"to set fire to the pile, led her six times round it, at two intervals, -","box":{"x":129,"y":311,"width":900,"height":34}},{"text":"that is, thrice at each circumambulation. As she went round she","box":{"x":129,"y":338,"width":898,"height":32}},{"text":"scattered the sweet meat above mentioned among the people, who","box":{"x":132,"y":368,"width":894,"height":32}},{"text":"picked it up and ate it as a very holy thing. This being ended,","box":{"x":129,"y":395,"width":898,"height":35}},{"text":"and she having mounted the pile and danced as above mentioned","box":{"x":130,"y":421,"width":898,"height":35}},{"text":"(N.B. The dancing only appeared to be to show us her contempt of","box":{"x":129,"y":452,"width":903,"height":34}},{"text":"death, and prove to us that her dying was voluntary), she lay down","box":{"x":129,"y":476,"width":900,"height":38}},{"text":"by the corpse, and put one arm under its neck and the other over","box":{"x":129,"y":509,"width":900,"height":31}},{"text":"it, when a quantity of dry cocoa-leaves and other substances were","box":{"x":134,"y":535,"width":894,"height":34}},{"text":"heaped over them to a considerable height, and then Ghee, or","box":{"x":129,"y":562,"width":901,"height":35}},{"text":"melted preserved butter, poured on the top. Two bamboos were","box":{"x":130,"y":591,"width":900,"height":34}},{"text":"then put over them and held fast down, and fire put to the pile,","box":{"x":130,"y":617,"width":900,"height":34}},{"text":"which immediately blazed very fiercely, owing to the dry and","box":{"x":127,"y":645,"width":903,"height":34}},{"text":"combustible materials of which it was composed. No sooner was","box":{"x":132,"y":672,"width":897,"height":34}},{"text":"the fire kindled than all the people set up a great shout-Hurree-","box":{"x":133,"y":702,"width":896,"height":34}},{"text":"Bol, Hurree-Bol, which is a common shout of joy, and an invoca-","box":{"x":127,"y":727,"width":901,"height":34}},{"text":"tion of hurree, or Seeb. It was impossible to have heard the","box":{"x":130,"y":756,"width":901,"height":34}},{"text":"woman had she groaned, or even cried aloud, on account of the","box":{"x":129,"y":786,"width":903,"height":34}},{"text":"mad noise of the people, and it was impossible for her to stir or","box":{"x":132,"y":810,"width":900,"height":39}},{"text":"struggle on account of the bamboos which were held down on her","box":{"x":132,"y":839,"width":901,"height":35}},{"text":"like the levers of a press. We made much objection to their using","box":{"x":134,"y":866,"width":897,"height":35}},{"text":"these bamboos, and insisted that it was using force to prevent the","box":{"x":133,"y":896,"width":897,"height":31}},{"text":"woman from getting up when the fire burned her. But they dec-","box":{"x":132,"y":923,"width":901,"height":36}},{"text":"lared that it was only done to keep the pile from falling down.","box":{"x":132,"y":951,"width":901,"height":36}},{"text":"We could not bear to see more, but left them, exclaiming loudly","box":{"x":127,"y":977,"width":905,"height":35}},{"text":"against the murder, full of horror at what we had seen.","box":{"x":134,"y":1009,"width":746,"height":31}},{"text":"62. FRANCIS BUCHANAN ON THE","box":{"x":316,"y":1094,"width":536,"height":27}},{"text":"MALABAR CHRISTIANS (1800 A.D.)","box":{"x":319,"y":1122,"width":532,"height":29}},{"text":"Francis Buchanan visited Malabar in the early part of December,","box":{"x":218,"y":1179,"width":768,"height":31}},{"text":"1800. He describes here the social status and practices of the Syrian","box":{"x":178,"y":1205,"width":808,"height":29}},{"text":"Christians. F. Buchanan, A Journey from Madras through the","box":{"x":181,"y":1230,"width":808,"height":29}},{"text":"Countries of Mysore, Canara, and Malabar, pp. 391-393.,","box":{"x":181,"y":1257,"width":689,"height":29}},{"text":"9th December :-... Opposite to our encampment was a Nazaren","box":{"x":178,"y":1315,"width":859,"height":31}},{"text":"village, named Cunnung colung curry Angady, which looks very","box":{"x":134,"y":1342,"width":901,"height":35}},{"text":"well, being seated on a rising ground amid the groves of the Betel-","box":{"x":133,"y":1370,"width":904,"height":34}},{"text":"nut palm. The Papa or priest waited on us. He was attended by","box":{"x":136,"y":1394,"width":900,"height":39}},{"text":"a pupil, who behaved to his superior with utmost deference. The","box":{"x":137,"y":1425,"width":898,"height":35}},{"text":"Papa was very well dressed in a blue robe; and, though his ancestors","box":{"x":133,"y":1455,"width":901,"height":32}},{"text":"have been settled in the country for many generations, he was very","box":{"x":133,"y":1481,"width":905,"height":35}},{"text":"fair, with high Jewish features. The greater part of the sect,","box":{"x":137,"y":1510,"width":897,"height":32}}]},"74":{"imagePath":"H:\\web_projects\\corpus-web\\electron-app\\data\\5e07978430078cb56ea89a104e5a0c0e50b3aa1618e48c486c8af005ae015143\\raw\\pages\\00098-93fc02105ddf32ba5e19.webp","width":1170,"height":1680,"segments":[{"text":"74","box":{"x":161,"y":147,"width":42,"height":20}},{"text":"HISTORY OF CHRISTIANITY IN INDIA","box":{"x":383,"y":153,"width":469,"height":18}},{"text":"however, entirely resemble the aborigines of the country, from","box":{"x":160,"y":200,"width":903,"height":32}},{"text":"whom indeed they are descended.","box":{"x":158,"y":228,"width":463,"height":31}},{"text":"The Papa informed me that his sect are dependent on the","box":{"x":207,"y":283,"width":854,"height":32}},{"text":"Jacobite patriarch of Antioch; but that they have a metropolitan,","box":{"x":162,"y":312,"width":898,"height":34}},{"text":"who resides in the dominions of Travancore, and who is sent by the","box":{"x":155,"y":339,"width":905,"height":35}},{"text":"patriarch on the death of his predecessor. None of the Papas, or","box":{"x":161,"y":369,"width":900,"height":32}},{"text":"inferior clergy, go to Antioch for their education, and all of them","box":{"x":161,"y":394,"width":898,"height":35}},{"text":"have been born in the country. My visitor understood no language","box":{"x":160,"y":424,"width":901,"height":32}},{"text":"in the latter;","box":{"x":876,"y":456,"width":183,"height":25}},{"text":"but all the ceremonies of the church are performed","box":{"x":157,"y":479,"width":696,"height":34}},{"text":"In their churches they have neither image nor pictures, but the","box":{"x":158,"y":506,"width":901,"height":35}},{"text":"Nazarens worship the cross. Their clergy are allowed to marry;","box":{"x":153,"y":534,"width":904,"height":34}},{"text":"my visitor, however, seemed to be not a little proud of his observing","box":{"x":155,"y":562,"width":903,"height":35}},{"text":"celebacy, and and a total abstinence from animal food. He said that,","box":{"x":153,"y":590,"width":905,"height":32}},{"text":"so far as he remembers, the number of the sect seems neither to be","box":{"x":158,"y":619,"width":898,"height":29}},{"text":"increasing nor diminishing. Converts, however, are occasionally","box":{"x":160,"y":646,"width":897,"height":32}},{"text":"made of both Nairs and Shanars; but no instance occurs of a","box":{"x":157,"y":674,"width":901,"height":29}},{"text":"Moplay having been converted, nor of a Namburi, unless he had","box":{"x":151,"y":702,"width":905,"height":35}},{"text":"previously lost cast.","box":{"x":155,"y":731,"width":270,"height":29}},{"text":"The Papa says, that the Nazarens were introduced 1740 years","box":{"x":202,"y":786,"width":852,"height":32}},{"text":"ago, by a certain saint named Thomas, who, landing at Meila-pura,","box":{"x":154,"y":813,"width":901,"height":36}},{"text":"took up his residence on a hill near Madras, and which is now","box":{"x":153,"y":842,"width":901,"height":31}},{"text":"called after his name. He afterwards made a voyage to Cochin,","box":{"x":153,"y":868,"width":900,"height":34}},{"text":"and in that neighbourhood settled, a church, which is now the","box":{"x":150,"y":896,"width":905,"height":31}},{"text":"metropolitan, as the Portuguese drove all the Nazarens from the","box":{"x":153,"y":924,"width":900,"height":32}},{"text":"eastern coast. St. Thomas afterwards returned to Meila-pura,","box":{"x":153,"y":955,"width":898,"height":31}},{"text":"where he died. At that time Malayala belonged to the Brahmans,","box":{"x":147,"y":982,"width":904,"height":31}},{"text":"who were governed by a Raja sent by Shulun Permal, the sovereign","box":{"x":147,"y":1009,"width":904,"height":32}},{"text":"king of the south. The Papa then related the history of Cheruman","box":{"x":150,"y":1034,"width":901,"height":36}},{"text":"Permal, nearly as I have given it (page 348,9) on the authority of","box":{"x":147,"y":1063,"width":907,"height":34}},{"text":"the Namburis; only he says, that this traitor, after having divided","box":{"x":151,"y":1092,"width":901,"height":34}},{"text":"his usurped dominions, died before he reached Mecca. It was in","box":{"x":147,"y":1118,"width":905,"height":32}},{"text":"his reign that the Mussulmans first arrived in India. They landed","box":{"x":148,"y":1146,"width":903,"height":35}},{"text":"at Challiem, a place near Vaypura. The Papa says, that the metro-","box":{"x":150,"y":1178,"width":901,"height":31}},{"text":"politan has an account of all his predecessors, from the time of","box":{"x":147,"y":1202,"width":905,"height":34}},{"text":"Saint Thomas, with a history of the various persecutions that they","box":{"x":147,"y":1228,"width":901,"height":35}},{"text":"have been subjected to by the governing powers, the worst of which","box":{"x":147,"y":1259,"width":900,"height":35}},{"text":"would appear to have been that inflicted by the Portuguese. He","box":{"x":143,"y":1287,"width":904,"height":32}},{"text":"promised to send me a copy of this kind of chronicle, but has not","box":{"x":144,"y":1316,"width":904,"height":32}},{"text":"been so good as his word.","box":{"x":143,"y":1343,"width":355,"height":31}},{"text":"give","box":{"x":989,"y":1452,"width":57,"height":20}},{"text":"A Brahman of the place says, that when any slaves are converted","box":{"x":189,"y":1406,"width":857,"height":31}},{"text":"by the Nazarens, these people bestow on them their liberty, and give","box":{"x":140,"y":1433,"width":905,"height":34}},{"text":"them daily or monthly wages. He said also, that the Nazarens","box":{"x":144,"y":1464,"width":900,"height":31}},{"text":"are a very orderly, industrious people, who live chiefly by trade","box":{"x":144,"y":1490,"width":900,"height":35}},{"text":"and agriculture.","box":{"x":143,"y":1518,"width":214,"height":28}}]}}}