{
  "book_metadata": {
    "book_name": "History of Christianity in India: Source Materials",
    "book_author": "M. K. Kuriakose",
    "publisher": "Indian Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge",
    "published_on": "2011"
  },
  "chunks": [
    {
      "chunk_index": 1,
      "chapter_name": "c.1830. The Anti-Suttee Petition",
      "page_numbers": [
        117
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00141-3aae4eb0af8af6bbc688.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "The Anti-Suttee Petition",
      "chunk_data": "86. THE ANTI-SUTTEE PETITION (c 1830 A.D.)\n\nAdvocates of sati (widow burning) appealed to the authorities in England against William Bentinck's abolition of the practice. The following petition was submitted in opposition to that appeal. It is generally believed to have been written by Raja Rammohun Roy.\n\nCited in Jogendra Chunder Ghose, ed., The English Works of Raja Rammohun Roy, pp. 479-480.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1830,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1830,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "c. 1830 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "William Bentinck",
          "Raja Rammohun Roy",
          "Jogendra Chunder Ghose"
        ],
        "places": [
          "England",
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "Advocates of sati appealed against William Bentinck's abolition, prompting an opposing petition believed to have been written by Raja Rammohun Roy.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Politics",
          "Sati"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 2,
      "chapter_name": "c.1830. The Anti-Suttee Petition",
      "page_numbers": [
        117
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00141-3aae4eb0af8af6bbc688.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "The Practice of Sati",
      "chunk_data": "That a practice has prevailed throughout India, particularly in Bengal, of burning those widows on the funeral piles of their deceased husbands, who could be induced to offer themselves as voluntary sacrifices.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1830,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1830,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "c. 1830 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [],
        "places": [
          "India",
          "Bengal"
        ],
        "event": "The petition describes the widespread practice of burning widows on their deceased husbands' funeral piles.",
        "tags": [
          "Religion",
          "Sati",
          "Society"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 3,
      "chapter_name": "c.1830. The Anti-Suttee Petition",
      "page_numbers": [
        117
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00141-3aae4eb0af8af6bbc688.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Bentinck Abolishes Sati",
      "chunk_data": "That this barbarous and inhuman practice has been happily abolished by the Government of the Right Honourable Lord William Cavendish Bentinck, who has thus conferred an inestimable benefit on the native population of India.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1830,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1830,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "c. 1830 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "William Cavendish Bentinck"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "William Cavendish Bentinck's government abolishes sati, which the petition praises as a great benefit to India's native population.",
        "tags": [
          "Politics",
          "Religion",
          "Sati"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 4,
      "chapter_name": "c.1830. The Anti-Suttee Petition",
      "page_numbers": [
        117
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00141-3aae4eb0af8af6bbc688.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Public Response to Abolition",
      "chunk_data": "That the regulation prohibiting the practice has been received with gratitude by many, while the majority of the native population have remained passive and acquiescent, although nearly a twelve month has elapsed since the abolition took place.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1830,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1830,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "c. 1830 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "The petition reports gratitude among many Indians and general acquiescence nearly a year after sati was abolished.",
        "tags": [
          "Politics",
          "Society",
          "Sati"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 5,
      "chapter_name": "c.1830. The Anti-Suttee Petition",
      "page_numbers": [
        117
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00141-3aae4eb0af8af6bbc688.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Address to the Governor-General",
      "chunk_data": "That as a proof of your honourable House of the feeling entertained on the subject by a numerous portion of the native community, the subjoined address was presented to the Governor-General in Council expressive of their thanks for his benevolent interference.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1830,
        "start_month": 1,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1830,
        "end_month": 1,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "January 1830"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [],
        "places": [
          "Calcutta"
        ],
        "event": "A substantial section of the native community presented an address thanking the Governor-General in Council for intervening against sati.",
        "tags": [
          "Politics",
          "Sati",
          "Petition"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 6,
      "chapter_name": "c.1830. The Anti-Suttee Petition",
      "page_numbers": [
        117
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00141-3aae4eb0af8af6bbc688.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Calcutta Thanks Bentinck",
      "chunk_data": "(Here is cited the Address presented to Bentinck by the inhabitants of Calcutta in January, 1830.)",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1830,
        "start_month": 1,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1830,
        "end_month": 1,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "January 1830"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "William Cavendish Bentinck"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Calcutta"
        ],
        "event": "The petition cites an address presented by the inhabitants of Calcutta to Bentinck in thanks for abolishing sati.",
        "tags": [
          "Politics",
          "Sati",
          "Calcutta"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 7,
      "chapter_name": "c.1830. The Anti-Suttee Petition",
      "page_numbers": [
        117
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00141-3aae4eb0af8af6bbc688.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Opposition to Reinstatement",
      "chunk_data": "That your petitioners have, however, learned that a number of natives, professing to be attached to the ancient practice, have prepared a petition to your Honourable House soliciting the re-establishment of the rite of burning their widows; and therefore to prevent your Honourable House from supposing that their sentiments are those of the whole native population, your petitioners respectfully present themselves to the notice of your Honourable House, and pray that the Regulation of the local government may be confirmed and enforced.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1830,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1830,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "c. 1830 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [],
        "places": [
          "India",
          "England"
        ],
        "event": "The petitioners oppose a campaign to restore widow burning and ask the British Parliament to confirm and enforce the local abolition regulation.",
        "tags": [
          "Politics",
          "Sati",
          "Petition"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 8,
      "chapter_name": "c.1830. The Anti-Suttee Petition",
      "page_numbers": [
        117
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00141-3aae4eb0af8af6bbc688.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Abolition and British Honour",
      "chunk_data": "That your petitioners cannot permit themselves to suppose that such a practice, abhorrent to all the feelings of nature, the obligations of society, and principles of good government, will receive the sanction of your Honourable House, much less that, having been abolished, the British name and character will be dishonoured by its re-establishment.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1830,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1830,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "c. 1830 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [],
        "places": [
          "England"
        ],
        "event": "The petitioners argue that Parliament cannot sanction sati without violating natural feeling, social obligations, good government, and British honour.",
        "tags": [
          "Politics",
          "Religion",
          "Sati"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}