{
  "book_metadata": {
    "book_name": "History of Christianity in India: Source Materials",
    "book_author": "M. K. Kuriakose",
    "publisher": "Indian Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge",
    "published_on": "2011"
  },
  "chunks": [
    {
      "chunk_index": 1,
      "chapter_name": "1897. Brahmabandhab Upadhyay on Independence for India",
      "page_numbers": [
        268
      ],
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      "chunk_title": "Chapter Introduction",
      "chunk_data": "137. BRAHMABANDHAB UPADHYAY ON INDEPENDENCE FOR INDIA (1897 A.D.)\nBrahmabandhab Upadhyay is perhaps best known for his contribution to Indian Christian theology. But he was also notable for his uncompromising nationalism at a time when most Indian Christians believed British rule was providential. In this passage he describes his vision of an independent India. From Animananda, The Blade, pp. 136-137 & 170-171. Cited in Wm. Theodore de Bary, Sources of Indian Tradition, pp. 736-738.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1897,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1897,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1897 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Brahmabandhab Upadhyay",
          "Animananda",
          "Wm. Theodore de Bary"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "The chapter introduces Brahmabandhab Upadhyay's vision of an independent India and his uncompromising nationalism.",
        "tags": [
          "Nationalism",
          "Christianity",
          "India"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 2,
      "chapter_name": "1897. Brahmabandhab Upadhyay on Independence for India",
      "page_numbers": [
        268
      ],
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      "chunk_title": "A Message of Freedom",
      "chunk_data": "I swear by the moon and the sun that I have heard in my heart of hearts this message of freedom. As the tree in winter gets a new life with the touch of the breeze of spring, as you feel joy at the return of love, as the heart of a hero dances to the call of the trumpet of war so a feeling has throbbed in my heart.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1897,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1897,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1897 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Brahmabandhab Upadhyay"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "Brahmabandhab Upadhyay describes an intense inner awakening to the message of freedom.",
        "tags": [
          "Independence",
          "Nationalism"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 3,
      "chapter_name": "1897. Brahmabandhab Upadhyay on Independence for India",
      "page_numbers": [
        268
      ],
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      "chunk_title": "Freedom from Colonial Thinking",
      "chunk_data": "But independence will mean both freedom from our slave complex and freedom from gerrymandering politics.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1897,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1897,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1897 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Brahmabandhab Upadhyay"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "Brahmabandhab Upadhyay defines independence as freedom from both colonial inferiority and manipulative politics.",
        "tags": [
          "Independence",
          "Politics"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 4,
      "chapter_name": "1897. Brahmabandhab Upadhyay on Independence for India",
      "page_numbers": [
        268,
        269
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      ],
      "chunk_title": "India Rediscovers Self-Faith",
      "chunk_data": "With the spread of English rule and culture, India lost her own idea of civilization. Our educated classes think as they have been taught by their Firinghi masters. Our minds have been conquered.\nWe have become slaves. The faith in our own culture and the love for things Indian are gone. India will reach Swaraj the day she will again have a faith in herself. Ramakrishna had gone in that line. So did Bankim. So did Vivekananda. The whole mass of our people must now be made to appreciate things Indian and to return to our ancient way. That is Swadesh as opposed to Bidesh.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1897,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1897,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1897 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Brahmabandhab Upadhyay",
          "Ramakrishna",
          "Bankim",
          "Vivekananda"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "Brahmabandhab Upadhyay argues that English rule destroyed India's civilizational self-confidence and calls for a return to Indian culture and Swaraj.",
        "tags": [
          "Nationalism",
          "Culture",
          "Independence"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 5,
      "chapter_name": "1897. Brahmabandhab Upadhyay on Independence for India",
      "page_numbers": [
        269
      ],
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      "chunk_title": "Forts of Swaraj",
      "chunk_data": "I see the fort of Swaraj built in various places. There shall be no connection with the foreigner. Those forts will be purified by the incense of sacrifice, resounding with the cry of victory, filled to overflowing with corn and grain.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1897,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1897,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1897 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Brahmabandhab Upadhyay"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "Brahmabandhab Upadhyay envisions self-sufficient forts of Swaraj purified through sacrifice and separated from foreigners.",
        "tags": [
          "Independence",
          "Nationalism",
          "Sacrifice"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 6,
      "chapter_name": "1897. Brahmabandhab Upadhyay on Independence for India",
      "page_numbers": [
        269
      ],
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      "chunk_title": "Indian Self-Government",
      "chunk_data": "Foreigners will not enter there. There we shall be our own masters, from the Thakurghar to the cowshed. All our laws will be observed there, our own Varna-Asram. Let the Englishman be like the Chaukidar or Jamadar, like the watching dog at the door: 'If the dog enters your kitchen you break the cooking pot and chase him out'. Outside this, our own Jurisdiction, we shall observe the laws of the Firinghi for fear of assault and we shall pay the taxes. But if he were to trespass on our God-given rights, woe betide him. We shall give thrashing...",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1897,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1897,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1897 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Brahmabandhab Upadhyay",
          "Englishmen"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "Brahmabandhab Upadhyay imagines Indians governing their own households and laws while resisting foreign intrusion into their rights.",
        "tags": [
          "Independence",
          "Politics",
          "Colonialism"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 7,
      "chapter_name": "1897. Brahmabandhab Upadhyay on Independence for India",
      "page_numbers": [
        269
      ],
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      "chunk_title": "Emancipation of India",
      "chunk_data": "We have said over and over again that we are not Swadeshi only so far as salt and sugar are concerned. Our aspirations are higher than the Himalayas. Our pain is as intense as if we had a volcano in us. What we want is the emancipation of India. Our aim is that India may be free, that the stranger may be driven from our homes, that the continuity of the learning, the civilization and the system of the rishis may be preserved. We have often heard the voice from heaven: Selfish men! We have not entered the lists to pay the mudi (grocer).",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1897,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1897,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1897 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Brahmabandhab Upadhyay"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India",
          "Himalayas"
        ],
        "event": "Brahmabandhab Upadhyay distinguishes the Swadeshi struggle from a mere boycott of goods and demands India's complete emancipation.",
        "tags": [
          "Swadeshi",
          "Independence",
          "Culture"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 8,
      "chapter_name": "1897. Brahmabandhab Upadhyay on Independence for India",
      "page_numbers": [
        269
      ],
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      "chunk_title": "Sacrifice for the Motherland",
      "chunk_data": "First free the Mother from bondage, then seek your own deliverance. The fire of desire has been kindled within our bosom. We do not know whence. Heaven we do not want. Deliverance we seek not. O Mother! let us be born again and again in India till your chains fall off. First let the Mother be free, and then shall come our own release from the worldly bonds. This is no mere child's play. O Feringhi [sic], here I am with my neck outstretched—offer it up as a sacrifice. You will see, I shall again be born in the land of Bengal and shall cause much more serious confusion. Can you intimidate us? Our power is more than human. It is divine. We have heard the voice telling us that the period of India's suffering is about to close, that the day of her deliverance is near at hand. It is because we have heard the voice that we have left our forest-home and came to town. Your overweening pride is due to your possessing a few cannon and guns. Just see to what",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1897,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1897,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1897 AD"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "Brahmabandhab Upadhyay"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India",
          "Bengal"
        ],
        "event": "Brahmabandhab Upadhyay calls for India's liberation before personal salvation and offers his life in sacrifice for the motherland.",
        "tags": [
          "Independence",
          "Sacrifice",
          "Nationalism"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}