{ "book_metadata": { "book_name": "History of Christianity in India: Source Materials", "book_author": "M. K. Kuriakose", "publisher": "Indian Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge", "published_on": "2011" }, "chunks": [ { "chunk_index": 1, "chapter_name": "1349. John de Marignolli on the St. Thomas Christians and their Traditions", "page_numbers": [ 18 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00042-bb102a4481764f245612.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Marignolli on St. Thomas Christians", "chunk_data": "27. JOHN DE MARIGNOLLI ON THE ST. THOMAS CHRISTIANS AND THEIR TRADITIONS (1349 A.D.)\nJohn de Marignolli gives an account of his travels through the areas of India occupied by the St. Thomas Christians. Yule-Cordier, Cathay and the Way Thither, Vol. III, pp. 216-218, 249-254.", "time": { "start_year": 1349, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1349, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1349 AD" }, "meta": { "people": [ "John de Marignolli" ], "places": [ "India" ], "event": "John de Marignolli recorded his travels through areas of India occupied by the St. Thomas Christians.", "tags": [ "Christianity", "Travel", "History" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 2, "chapter_name": "1349. John de Marignolli on the St. Thomas Christians and their Traditions", "page_numbers": [ 18, 19 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00042-bb102a4481764f245612.webp", "raw\\pages\\00043-4af03bb5355732713e54.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Arrival at Columbum", "chunk_data": "And sailing on the feast of St. Stephen, we navigated the Indian Sea until Palm Sunday, and when arrived at a very noble city of India called Columbum (Quilon) where the whole world's pepper is produced.", "time": { "start_year": 1349, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1349, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1349 AD" }, "meta": { "people": [ "John de Marignolli" ], "places": [ "Indian Sea", "Columbum", "Quilon" ], "event": "John de Marignolli sailed across the Indian Sea and arrived at Columbum, also known as Quilon.", "tags": [ "Travel", "Geography", "Trade" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 3, "chapter_name": "1349. John de Marignolli on the St. Thomas Christians and their Traditions", "page_numbers": [ 18, 19 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00042-bb102a4481764f245612.webp", "raw\\pages\\00043-4af03bb5355732713e54.webp" ], "chunk_title": "How Pepper Was Cultivated", "chunk_data": "Now this pepper grows on a kind of vines, which are planted just like in our vineyards. These vines produce clusters which are at first like those of the wild vine of a green colour, and afterwards are almost like bunches of our grapes, and they have a red wine in them which I have squeezed out on my plate as a condiment.", "time": { "start_year": 1349, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1349, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1349 AD" }, "meta": { "people": [ "John de Marignolli" ], "places": [ "Columbum", "Quilon" ], "event": "John de Marignolli described the cultivation of pepper vines and the red liquid found in the pepper clusters.", "tags": [ "Trade", "Agriculture", "Travel" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 4, "chapter_name": "1349. John de Marignolli on the St. Thomas Christians and their Traditions", "page_numbers": [ 19 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00043-4af03bb5355732713e54.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Pepper Harvesting Practices", "chunk_data": "When they have ripened, they are left to dry upon the tree, and when shrivelled by the excessive heat the dry clusters are knocked off with a stick and caught upon linen cloths, and so harvest is gathered.", "time": { "start_year": 1349, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1349, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1349 AD" }, "meta": { "people": [ "John de Marignolli" ], "places": [ "Columbum", "Quilon" ], "event": "John de Marignolli described how ripened pepper clusters were dried and harvested.", "tags": [ "Agriculture", "Trade", "Travel" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 5, "chapter_name": "1349. John de Marignolli on the St. Thomas Christians and their Traditions", "page_numbers": [ 19 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00043-4af03bb5355732713e54.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Marignolli Observed Pepper Production", "chunk_data": "These are things that I have seen with mine eyes and handled with my hands during the fourteen months that I stayed there.", "time": { "start_year": 1349, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1349, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1349 AD" }, "meta": { "people": [ "John de Marignolli" ], "places": [ "Columbum", "Quilon" ], "event": "John de Marignolli stated that he personally observed pepper production during his fourteen-month stay.", "tags": [ "Travel", "Trade", "Agriculture" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 6, "chapter_name": "1349. John de Marignolli on the St. Thomas Christians and their Traditions", "page_numbers": [ 19 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00043-4af03bb5355732713e54.webp" ], "chunk_title": "St. Thomas Christians Controlled Pepper", "chunk_data": "And there is no roasting of pepper, as authors have falsely asserted, nor does it grow in forests, but in regular gardens; nor are the Saracens the proprietors but the Christians of St. Thomas.", "time": { "start_year": 1349, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1349, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1349 AD" }, "meta": { "people": [ "John de Marignolli", "St. Thomas Christians" ], "places": [ "Columbum", "Quilon" ], "event": "John de Marignolli rejected claims about pepper cultivation and identified the St. Thomas Christians as its proprietors.", "tags": [ "Christianity", "Trade", "Agriculture" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 7, "chapter_name": "1349. John de Marignolli on the St. Thomas Christians and their Traditions", "page_numbers": [ 19 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00043-4af03bb5355732713e54.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Christians Managed the Steel-Yard", "chunk_data": "And these latter are the masters of the public steel-yard, from which I derived, as a perquisite of my office as Pope's legate, every month a hundred goldfan, and a thousand when I left.", "time": { "start_year": 1349, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1349, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1349 AD" }, "meta": { "people": [ "John de Marignolli", "St. Thomas Christians" ], "places": [ "Columbum", "Quilon" ], "event": "The St. Thomas Christians controlled the public steel-yard, from which John de Marignolli received payments as the Pope's legate.", "tags": [ "Christianity", "Trade", "Politics" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 8, "chapter_name": "1349. John de Marignolli on the St. Thomas Christians and their Traditions", "page_numbers": [ 19 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00043-4af03bb5355732713e54.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Church of St. George at Quilon", "chunk_data": "There is a church of St. George there, of the Latin communion, at which I dwelt. And I adorned it with fine paintings, and taught there the holy Law.", "time": { "start_year": 1349, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1349, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1349 AD" }, "meta": { "people": [ "John de Marignolli" ], "places": [ "Quilon" ], "event": "John de Marignolli stayed at the Latin church of St. George, decorated it with paintings, and taught there.", "tags": [ "Christianity", "Churches", "Travel" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 9, "chapter_name": "1349. John de Marignolli on the St. Thomas Christians and their Traditions", "page_numbers": [ 19 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00043-4af03bb5355732713e54.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Marignolli Erected a Memorial Pillar", "chunk_data": "And after I had been there some time I went beyond the glory of Alexander the Great, when he set up his column (in India). For I erected a stone as my landmark and memorial, in the corner of the world over against Paradise, and anointed it with oil! In sooth it was a marble pillar with a stone cross upon it, intended to last till the world's end.", "time": { "start_year": 1349, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1349, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1349 AD" }, "meta": { "people": [ "John de Marignolli", "Alexander the Great" ], "places": [ "India", "Paradise" ], "event": "John de Marignolli erected and anointed a marble pillar bearing a stone cross as his landmark and memorial.", "tags": [ "Christianity", "Travel", "Monuments" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 10, "chapter_name": "1349. John de Marignolli on the St. Thomas Christians and their Traditions", "page_numbers": [ 19 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00043-4af03bb5355732713e54.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Pillar Consecrated Before Crowds", "chunk_data": "And it had the Pope's arms and my own engraved upon it, with inscriptions both in Indian and Latin characters. I consecrated and blessed it in the presence of an infinite multitude of people, and I was carried on the shoulders of the chiefs in a litter or palankin like Solomon's...", "time": { "start_year": 1349, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1349, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1349 AD" }, "meta": { "people": [ "John de Marignolli", "Solomon" ], "places": [ "India" ], "event": "John de Marignolli marked the pillar with papal and personal emblems, consecrated it before a large crowd, and was carried by local chiefs.", "tags": [ "Christianity", "Politics", "Travel" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 11, "chapter_name": "1349. John de Marignolli on the St. Thomas Christians and their Traditions", "page_numbers": [ 19 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00043-4af03bb5355732713e54.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Churches of St. Thomas in Maabar", "chunk_data": "The third province of India is called Maabar, and the church of St. Thomas which he built with his own hands is there, besides another which he built by the agency of workmen.", "time": { "start_year": 1349, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1349, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1349 AD" }, "meta": { "people": [ "St. Thomas the Apostle" ], "places": [ "Maabar", "India" ], "event": "John de Marignolli reported traditions of two churches in Maabar attributed to St. Thomas, one built by the apostle himself and another by workers.", "tags": [ "Christianity", "Churches", "Traditions" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 12, "chapter_name": "1349. John de Marignolli on the St. Thomas Christians and their Traditions", "page_numbers": [ 19 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00043-4af03bb5355732713e54.webp" ], "chunk_title": "St. Thomas Used Stones and Timber", "chunk_data": "These he made with certain very great stones which I have seen there, and with a log cut down on Adam's Mount in Seyllan, which he caused to be sawn up, and from its sawdust other trees were sown.", "time": { "start_year": 1349, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1349, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1349 AD" }, "meta": { "people": [ "St. Thomas the Apostle", "John de Marignolli" ], "places": [ "Maabar", "Adam's Mount", "Seyllan" ], "event": "John de Marignolli described the enormous stones and the timber from Adam's Mount that tradition associated with St. Thomas's churches.", "tags": [ "Christianity", "Traditions", "Architecture" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 13, "chapter_name": "1349. John de Marignolli on the St. Thomas Christians and their Traditions", "page_numbers": [ 19 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00043-4af03bb5355732713e54.webp" ], "chunk_title": "The Log Was Dragged to Sea", "chunk_data": "Now that log, huge as it was, was cut down by two slaves of his and drawn to the seaside by the saint's own girdle.", "time": { "start_year": 1349, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1349, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1349 AD" }, "meta": { "people": [ "St. Thomas the Apostle", "Two slaves" ], "places": [ "Adam's Mount", "Seyllan" ], "event": "According to the tradition reported by John de Marignolli, two slaves cut down the huge log and St. Thomas drew it to the seaside with his girdle.", "tags": [ "Christianity", "Miracles", "Traditions" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 14, "chapter_name": "1349. John de Marignolli on the St. Thomas Christians and their Traditions", "page_numbers": [ 19 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00043-4af03bb5355732713e54.webp" ], "chunk_title": "St. Thomas Sent the Log to Mirapolis", "chunk_data": "When the log reached the sea he said to it, 'Go now and tarry for us in the haven of the city of Mirapolis'. It arrived there accordingly, whereupon the king of that place with his whole army endeavoured to draw it ashore, but ten thousand men were not able to make it stir.", "time": { "start_year": 1349, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1349, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1349 AD" }, "meta": { "people": [ "St. Thomas the Apostle", "King of Mirapolis", "Ten thousand men" ], "places": [ "Mirapolis" ], "event": "St. Thomas sent the log to Mirapolis, where the king and ten thousand men failed to move it ashore.", "tags": [ "Christianity", "Miracles", "Traditions" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 15, "chapter_name": "1349. John de Marignolli on the St. Thomas Christians and their Traditions", "page_numbers": [ 19 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00043-4af03bb5355732713e54.webp" ], "chunk_title": "St. Thomas Claimed the Log", "chunk_data": "Then St. Thomas the Apostle himself came on the ground, riding on an ass, wearing a shirt, a stole, and a mantle of peacock's feathers and attended by those two slaves and by two great lions, just as he is painted, and called out, 'Touch not the log, for it is mine'; 'how', quoth the king, 'dost thou make it out to be thine?'", "time": { "start_year": 1349, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1349, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1349 AD" }, "meta": { "people": [ "St. Thomas the Apostle", "King of Mirapolis", "Two slaves" ], "places": [ "Mirapolis" ], "event": "The tradition described St. Thomas arriving with two slaves and two lions and claiming the immovable log before the king.", "tags": [ "Christianity", "Miracles", "Traditions" ] } } ] }