{"pages":{"77":{"imagePath":"H:\\web_projects\\corpus-web\\electron-app\\data\\5e07978430078cb56ea89a104e5a0c0e50b3aa1618e48c486c8af005ae015143\\raw\\pages\\00101-9f8d286cf1fa3bb61b6c.webp","width":1170,"height":1680,"segments":[{"text":"SOURCE MATERIALS","box":{"x":491,"y":161,"width":245,"height":18}},{"text":"77","box":{"x":1027,"y":160,"width":38,"height":20}},{"text":"from our house, we had a number of Bengali plain dishes, consisting","box":{"x":164,"y":206,"width":898,"height":38}},{"text":"of curry, fried fish and vegetables, etc., and I fancy most of us ate","box":{"x":161,"y":234,"width":903,"height":34}},{"text":"heartily. This is the first instance of our eating at the house of our","box":{"x":160,"y":261,"width":904,"height":34}},{"text":"native brethren. At this table we all sat with the greatest cheerful-","box":{"x":164,"y":290,"width":898,"height":34}},{"text":"ness, and some of the neighbours looked on with a kind of amaze-","box":{"x":161,"y":318,"width":903,"height":35}},{"text":"ment. It was a new and very singular sight in this land where","box":{"x":160,"y":347,"width":904,"height":31}},{"text":"clean and unclean is so much regarded. We should have gone in","box":{"x":161,"y":372,"width":901,"height":36}},{"text":"the daytime, but were prevented by the heat and want of leisure.","box":{"x":162,"y":401,"width":900,"height":32}},{"text":"We began this wedding supper with singing, and concluded with","box":{"x":161,"y":428,"width":901,"height":38}},{"text":"prayer; between ten and eleven we returned home with joy. This","box":{"x":162,"y":457,"width":898,"height":35}},{"text":"was a glorious triumph over the caste! A Brahman married to a","box":{"x":161,"y":483,"width":903,"height":32}},{"text":"Soodra, in the Christian way: Englishmen eating with the married","box":{"x":160,"y":512,"width":904,"height":34}},{"text":"couple and their friends, at the same table, and at the native house.","box":{"x":161,"y":539,"width":900,"height":34}},{"text":"Allowing the Hindoo chronology to be true, there has not been","box":{"x":155,"y":566,"width":905,"height":36}},{"text":"such a sight in Bengal these millions of years!","box":{"x":162,"y":597,"width":627,"height":31}},{"text":"65. CLAUDIUS BUCHANAN ON THE SYRIAN CHURCH","box":{"x":193,"y":671,"width":837,"height":27}},{"text":"OF KERALA (c. 1806 A.D.)","box":{"x":424,"y":698,"width":379,"height":34}},{"text":"Claudius Buchanan, a chaplain of the East India Company in","box":{"x":245,"y":752,"width":766,"height":31}},{"text":"Bengal, travelled through Kerala during the first decade of the nine-","box":{"x":207,"y":777,"width":803,"height":27}},{"text":"teenth century. Scholars are often dependent upon his narrative","box":{"x":210,"y":802,"width":802,"height":29}},{"text":"with respect to the history of the Syrian Christians during the late","box":{"x":207,"y":827,"width":805,"height":28}},{"text":"eithteenth and early nineteenth centuries. This passage deals with","box":{"x":208,"y":851,"width":803,"height":31}},{"text":"political suppression, religious persecution, an interview with the","box":{"x":208,"y":877,"width":806,"height":29}},{"text":"Bishop, and conversations regarding union with the Anglican Church.","box":{"x":206,"y":903,"width":808,"height":27}},{"text":"C. Buchanan, Christian Researches in Asia. pp. 106-148.","box":{"x":208,"y":928,"width":701,"height":27}},{"text":"But at the same time, I perceived, all around, symptoms of","box":{"x":252,"y":980,"width":813,"height":34}},{"text":"poverty and political depression. In the churches, and in the","box":{"x":161,"y":1006,"width":900,"height":32}},{"text":"people, there was the air of fallen greatness. I said to the senior","box":{"x":164,"y":1034,"width":897,"height":32}},{"text":"Priest, You appear to me like a people who have known better","box":{"x":157,"y":1054,"width":905,"height":42}},{"text":"days.' 'It is even so,' said he.","box":{"x":162,"y":1089,"width":448,"height":28}},{"text":"We are in a degenerate state","box":{"x":655,"y":1091,"width":407,"height":34}},{"text":"compared with our forefathers.' He noticed, that there were two","box":{"x":161,"y":1118,"width":900,"height":31}},{"text":"causes of their present decay. About 300 years ago, an enemy","box":{"x":161,"y":1144,"width":901,"height":38}},{"text":"came from the West, bearing the name of Christ, but armed with","box":{"x":160,"y":1172,"width":901,"height":35}},{"text":"the inquisition and compelled us to seek the protection of the","box":{"x":162,"y":1199,"width":898,"height":36}},{"text":"native Princes. And the native Princes have kept us in a state of","box":{"x":165,"y":1229,"width":900,"height":34}},{"text":"depression ever since. They indeed recognise our ancient personal","box":{"x":160,"y":1255,"width":901,"height":35}},{"text":"privileges, for we rank in general next to the Nairs, the nobility of","box":{"x":161,"y":1283,"width":904,"height":35}},{"text":"the country; but they have encroached by degrees on our property,","box":{"x":164,"y":1313,"width":897,"height":34}},{"text":"till we have been reduced to the humble state in which you find us.","box":{"x":162,"y":1340,"width":900,"height":34}},{"text":"The glory of our Church has passed away; but we hope hope your","box":{"x":164,"y":1368,"width":898,"height":36}},{"text":"nation will revive it again. I observed that the glory of a Church","box":{"x":162,"y":1394,"width":901,"height":34}},{"text":"could never die, if it preserved the Bible.' 'We have preserved the","box":{"x":164,"y":1424,"width":897,"height":32}},{"text":"Bible,' said he, 'the Hindoo Princes never touched our liberty of","box":{"x":161,"y":1450,"width":903,"height":32}},{"text":"conscience. We were formerly on a footing with them in political","box":{"x":164,"y":1477,"width":897,"height":38}},{"text":"power; and they respect our religion. We have also converts","box":{"x":165,"y":1504,"width":897,"height":38}}]},"78":{"imagePath":"H:\\web_projects\\corpus-web\\electron-app\\data\\5e07978430078cb56ea89a104e5a0c0e50b3aa1618e48c486c8af005ae015143\\raw\\pages\\00102-ff2c0320a0661d6ef304.webp","width":1170,"height":1680,"segments":[{"text":"78","box":{"x":111,"y":158,"width":36,"height":17}},{"text":"HISTORY OF CHRISTIANITY IN INDIA","box":{"x":329,"y":161,"width":469,"height":18}},{"text":"from time to time; but in this Christian duty we are not so active","box":{"x":109,"y":207,"width":903,"height":32}},{"text":"as we once were; besides, it is not so credible now to become","box":{"x":112,"y":235,"width":898,"height":31}},{"text":"Christian, in our low estate'.","box":{"x":108,"y":265,"width":399,"height":31}},{"text":"(p. 117)","box":{"x":567,"y":265,"width":113,"height":29}},{"text":"Meeting the Metropolitan Dionysius","box":{"x":322,"y":333,"width":476,"height":29}},{"text":"He (Mar Dionysius) told me that all my conversations with","box":{"x":211,"y":377,"width":799,"height":31}},{"text":"the priests since my arrival in the country had been communicated","box":{"x":111,"y":403,"width":900,"height":29}},{"text":"to him. You have come.' said he, to visit a declining Church,","box":{"x":112,"y":430,"width":897,"height":32}},{"text":"and I am now an old man but the hopes of its seeing better days","box":{"x":111,"y":459,"width":896,"height":31}},{"text":"cheer my old age, though I am not alive to see them.' I submitted","box":{"x":111,"y":489,"width":900,"height":28}},{"text":"to the Bishop my wishes in regard to the translation and printing","box":{"x":111,"y":514,"width":901,"height":34}},{"text":"of the Holy Scriptures. 'I have already fully considered the","box":{"x":108,"y":543,"width":901,"height":31}},{"text":"subject,' said said he, and have determined to call the most learned of","box":{"x":106,"y":559,"width":904,"height":41}},{"text":"my clergy to my aid. It is work which will illuminate these dark","box":{"x":108,"y":596,"width":900,"height":32}},{"text":"regions, and God will give it his blessing.' I was much pleased","box":{"x":111,"y":624,"width":898,"height":32}},{"text":"when I heard this pious resolution of the venerable man; for I had","box":{"x":104,"y":654,"width":907,"height":29}},{"text":"now ascertained that there are upwards of 200,000 Christians in","box":{"x":111,"y":682,"width":898,"height":29}},{"text":"South India, besides the Syrians, who speak the Malabar language.","box":{"x":108,"y":710,"width":903,"height":32}},{"text":"The next subject of importance to my mind, was the collection of","box":{"x":106,"y":738,"width":905,"height":29}},{"text":"useful manuscripts in the Chaldiac and Syriac Languages; and the","box":{"x":108,"y":766,"width":900,"height":29}},{"text":"Bishop was pleased to say that he would assist my inquiries and","box":{"x":104,"y":791,"width":904,"height":32}},{"text":"add to my collection. He descanted with great satisfaction on","box":{"x":106,"y":819,"width":901,"height":32}},{"text":"the hope of seeing printed Syriac Bibles from England; and said","box":{"x":108,"y":848,"width":898,"height":29}},{"text":"they would be a treasure to his Church. (p.130)","box":{"x":108,"y":873,"width":659,"height":34}},{"text":"Syrian-Anglican Union","box":{"x":407,"y":944,"width":306,"height":28}},{"text":"Since my coming amongst this people, I had cherished the hope","box":{"x":153,"y":986,"width":858,"height":32}},{"text":"that they might be one day united with the Church of England.","box":{"x":109,"y":1014,"width":901,"height":36}},{"text":"When I reflected on the immense power of the Romish Church in","box":{"x":104,"y":1041,"width":907,"height":31}},{"text":"India, and on our inability to withstand its influence, alone, it","box":{"x":108,"y":1070,"width":901,"height":32}},{"text":"appeared to be an object of great consequence to secure the aid and","box":{"x":109,"y":1096,"width":900,"height":34}},{"text":"co-operation of the Syrian Church, and sanction of its antiquity","box":{"x":102,"y":1126,"width":908,"height":35}},{"text":"in the East. I thought it might be serviceable, at least, to lay such","box":{"x":105,"y":1152,"width":903,"height":32}},{"text":"a foundation by the discussion of the subject, as our Church might","box":{"x":105,"y":1182,"width":904,"height":32}},{"text":"act upon hereafter, if he should think it expedient. I was afraid","box":{"x":104,"y":1208,"width":904,"height":32}},{"text":"to mention the subject to the Bishop at our first interview; but he","box":{"x":102,"y":1236,"width":904,"height":31}},{"text":"himself intimated that he would be glad if I would communicate","box":{"x":104,"y":1265,"width":903,"height":31}},{"text":"freely upon it with two of his clergy. I had hitherto observed some-","box":{"x":105,"y":1295,"width":901,"height":31}},{"text":"what of a reserve in those with whom I had conversed on this","box":{"x":101,"y":1322,"width":904,"height":28}},{"text":"matter; and now the cause was explained. The bishop's chaplains","box":{"x":104,"y":1351,"width":901,"height":32}},{"text":"confessed to me that they had doubts as to English Ordination.","box":{"x":105,"y":1379,"width":900,"height":31}},{"text":"The English,' said they, may be a warlike and great people; but","box":{"x":122,"y":1407,"width":884,"height":32}},{"text":"their Church, by your own account, is but of recent origin. Whence","box":{"x":104,"y":1435,"width":904,"height":31}},{"text":"do you derive your Ordination?' 'From Rome. You derive","box":{"x":102,"y":1459,"width":903,"height":35}},{"text":"it from a Church which is our ancient enemy, and with which we","box":{"x":104,"y":1491,"width":903,"height":28}},{"text":"would never unite.' They acknowledged that there might be","box":{"x":102,"y":1519,"width":903,"height":31}}]},"79":{"imagePath":"H:\\web_projects\\corpus-web\\electron-app\\data\\5e07978430078cb56ea89a104e5a0c0e50b3aa1618e48c486c8af005ae015143\\raw\\pages\\00103-eb82c004b08552d7e3bc.webp","width":1170,"height":1680,"segments":[{"text":"SOURCE MATERIALS","box":{"x":490,"y":151,"width":245,"height":18}},{"text":"79","box":{"x":1023,"y":148,"width":41,"height":18}},{"text":"salvation in every Church where the name of Christ was named';","box":{"x":167,"y":197,"width":889,"height":32}},{"text":"but in the question of UNION, it was to be considered that they","box":{"x":162,"y":227,"width":896,"height":32}},{"text":"had existed as a pure Church of Christ from the earliest ages; that","box":{"x":162,"y":254,"width":896,"height":34}},{"text":"if there was such a thing in the world as Ordination by the laying","box":{"x":165,"y":282,"width":893,"height":32}},{"text":"on of hands, in succession from the Apostles, it was probable that","box":{"x":162,"y":310,"width":896,"height":32}},{"text":"they possessed it; that there was no record of history or tradition","box":{"x":164,"y":338,"width":893,"height":34}},{"text":"to impeach their claim. I observed that there was reason to believe","box":{"x":165,"y":365,"width":893,"height":32}},{"text":"that the same Ordination had descended from the Apostles to the","box":{"x":162,"y":393,"width":896,"height":31}},{"text":"Church of Rome. It might be so: but that Church had departed","box":{"x":162,"y":423,"width":894,"height":31}},{"text":"from the faith'...","box":{"x":164,"y":451,"width":245,"height":25}},{"text":"Our conversation was reported to the Bishop. He wished me","box":{"x":204,"y":507,"width":852,"height":31}},{"text":"to state the advantages of an union. One advantage would be,","box":{"x":165,"y":532,"width":890,"height":32}},{"text":"I observed, that the English Clergymen, or rather Missionaries","box":{"x":165,"y":560,"width":890,"height":34}},{"text":"ordained by the Church of England, might be permitted hereafter","box":{"x":162,"y":588,"width":894,"height":34}},{"text":"to preach in the numerous Churches of Syrians in India, and aid","box":{"x":165,"y":615,"width":891,"height":34}},{"text":"them in promulgation of pure religion, against the prepondering","box":{"x":162,"y":644,"width":894,"height":35}},{"text":"and increasing influence of the Romish Church; and again, that","box":{"x":162,"y":670,"width":897,"height":35}},{"text":"Ordination by the Syrian Bishop might qualify for preaching in the","box":{"x":157,"y":698,"width":900,"height":36}},{"text":"English Churches in India for we had an immense Empire in","box":{"x":158,"y":726,"width":900,"height":34}},{"text":"Hindostan, but few preachers; and of these few scarcely any could","box":{"x":158,"y":754,"width":897,"height":34}},{"text":"preach in the native languages. The Bishop said, 'I would sacrifice","box":{"x":161,"y":781,"width":893,"height":35}},{"text":"much for such an Union; only let me not be called to compromise","box":{"x":158,"y":809,"width":897,"height":35}},{"text":"anything of the dignity and purity of our Church. I told him,","box":{"x":164,"y":836,"width":890,"height":36}},{"text":"we did not wish to degrade, we would rather protect and defend it.","box":{"x":157,"y":866,"width":897,"height":32}},{"text":"All must confess that it was Christ's Church in the midst of a","box":{"x":155,"y":892,"width":900,"height":29}},{"text":"heathen land. The Church of England would be happy to promote","box":{"x":160,"y":921,"width":894,"height":31}},{"text":"its welfare, to revive its spirit, and use it as an instrument of future","box":{"x":164,"y":948,"width":890,"height":34}},{"text":"good in the midst of her own Empire. I took this occasion to","box":{"x":158,"y":976,"width":896,"height":32}},{"text":"observe that there were some rites and practices in the Syrian","box":{"x":161,"y":1003,"width":896,"height":32}},{"text":"Church, which our Church might consider objectionable or nuga-","box":{"x":160,"y":1031,"width":894,"height":34}},{"text":"tory. The Bishop confessed that some customs had been intro-","box":{"x":162,"y":1059,"width":894,"height":35}},{"text":"duced during their decline in the latter centuries, which had no","box":{"x":160,"y":1087,"width":896,"height":35}},{"text":"necessary connection with the constitution of the Church, and","box":{"x":161,"y":1116,"width":894,"height":32}},{"text":"might be removed without inconvenience. He asked whether I had","box":{"x":158,"y":1144,"width":898,"height":31}},{"text":"authority from my own Church to make any proposition to him.","box":{"x":157,"y":1170,"width":897,"height":35}},{"text":"I answered that I had not that my own Church scarcely knew","box":{"x":162,"y":1198,"width":891,"height":34}},{"text":"that the Syrian Church existed: but I could anticipate the wishes","box":{"x":160,"y":1225,"width":896,"height":31}},{"text":"and purposes of good men. He thought it strange that there was","box":{"x":158,"y":1255,"width":898,"height":38}},{"text":"no Bishop in India to superintend so large an an Empire and said","box":{"x":155,"y":1280,"width":903,"height":42}},{"text":"he did not perfectly comprehend our ecclesiastical principles. I","box":{"x":157,"y":1308,"width":901,"height":38}},{"text":"told him that we had sent bishops to other countries; but that our","box":{"x":158,"y":1336,"width":896,"height":32}},{"text":"Indian Empire was yet in its infancy. Next day, the Bishop, after","box":{"x":158,"y":1365,"width":897,"height":32}},{"text":"conferring with his clergy on the subject, returned an answer in","box":{"x":157,"y":1392,"width":901,"height":35}},{"text":"writing to the following effect; 'That an union with the English","box":{"x":154,"y":1419,"width":901,"height":35}},{"text":"Church or, at least, such a connection as should appear to both","box":{"x":158,"y":1446,"width":898,"height":34}},{"text":"Churches practicable and expedient, would be a happy event, and","box":{"x":157,"y":1475,"width":898,"height":34}},{"text":"favourable to the advancement of religion in India.'... (pp. 130-133)","box":{"x":160,"y":1501,"width":897,"height":35}}]}}}