{ "book_metadata": { "book_name": "History of Christianity in India: Source Materials", "book_author": "M. K. Kuriakose", "publisher": "Indian Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge", "published_on": "2011" }, "chunks": [ { "chunk_index": 1, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 390 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00414-1bed21d894b0e8b54547.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Report and Controversy", "chunk_data": "The report of the Christian Missionary Activities Enquiry Committee, popularly known as the Niyogi Committee after its Chairman, M. B. Niyogi, appointed by the Government of Madhya Pradesh under circumstances described in the document itself caused extensive controversy and anxiety in India, among both Christians and non-Christians. In the face of this controversy the recommendations were not implemented at the time, but the report nevertheless reflected the attitude towards Christian missions held by a number of people in India. The portions reproduced here are from the first volume of the report (1) The Background, (2) The Findings, and (3) The Recommendations. Report of the Christian Missionary Activities Enquiry Committee, Madhya Pradesh, 1956, Vol. I, pp. 23, 131-132, 163-165.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "M. B. Niyogi" ], "places": [ "Madhya Pradesh", "India" ], "event": "The Niyogi Committee report caused controversy and anxiety, and its recommendations were not implemented at the time.", "tags": [ "Politics", "Christianity", "Government" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 2, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 390 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00414-1bed21d894b0e8b54547.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Missionary Agitation and Complaints", "chunk_data": "It will thus be seen that whereas on the one hand an impression was being created all over India at the instance of foreign Missionaries engaged in the Udaipur and Surguja States that the Madhya Pradesh Government was following a policy of discrimination or harassment of the Christian population and Missionaries, on the other hand numerous complaints were being received of the objectionable activities of these foreign Missionaries, especially in the tribal areas and public resentment was mounting up.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Foreign Christian missionaries" ], "places": [ "India", "Madhya Pradesh", "Udaipur", "Surguja" ], "event": "Government faced competing allegations of harassment by officials and objectionable missionary activity.", "tags": [ "Religion", "Politics", "Missions" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 3, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 390 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00414-1bed21d894b0e8b54547.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Extent of Missionary Activity", "chunk_data": "Government was not clear whether the agitation was confined only to the newly-merged State or whether other areas of Madhya Pradesh where the Missions were working were also affected. It must be noticed that about 30 different Missions are working in Madhya Pradesh with varying number of centres in each district. Almost the entire Madhya Pradesh is covered by Missionary activities and there is hardly any district where a Mission of one denomination or the other is not operating in some form or the other.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Christian missionaries" ], "places": [ "Madhya Pradesh" ], "event": "The Committee described the widespread presence of approximately thirty missionary organizations across Madhya Pradesh.", "tags": [ "Christianity", "Missions", "Society" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 4, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 390 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00414-1bed21d894b0e8b54547.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Scheduled Communities and Missions", "chunk_data": "More than half the people of Madhya Pradesh (57.4 per cent) consists of members of the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and other Backward Classes and it is amongst these that the Missionary activities are mostly confined.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Members of Scheduled Castes", "Members of Scheduled Tribes", "Other Backward Classes" ], "places": [ "Madhya Pradesh" ], "event": "Missionary activities were concentrated largely among Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and other Backward Classes.", "tags": [ "Society", "Religion", "Missions" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 5, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 390 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00414-1bed21d894b0e8b54547.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Warnings About Missionary Methods", "chunk_data": "The background of Missionary activities in the old Madhya Pradesh and the merged States was repeatedly brought to the Government's notice as a warning to be taken notice of and the almost similar methods adopted by the Roman Catholic and other Missions in the new areas of Surjuga and Udaipur States was reported to be of great significance.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Roman Catholic missionaries" ], "places": [ "Madhya Pradesh", "Surjuga", "Udaipur" ], "event": "The Government received warnings about missionary methods in the old and newly merged states.", "tags": [ "Religion", "Government", "Missions" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 6, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 390, 391 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00414-1bed21d894b0e8b54547.webp", "raw\\pages\\00415-14963113c6e4b184f0dc.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Disputed Allegations and Enquiry", "chunk_data": "Missionaries had vehemently denied allegations of proselytism and anti-national activities and had levelled charges against local officials whenever enquiries were made by such officers. In respect of authorities outside Madhya Pradesh these Missionaries also complained against the attitude of the Madhya Pradesh Government and vile propaganda against the Government was carried on in the foreign press. In these circumstances, Government decided to get the matter examined thoroughly through an open public enquiry and our Committee came to be appointed.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Christian missionaries", "Madhya Pradesh Government officials" ], "places": [ "Madhya Pradesh", "India" ], "event": "After missionary denials and mutual accusations, the Government appointed an open public enquiry.", "tags": [ "Government", "Religion", "Inquiry" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 7, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 391 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00415-14963113c6e4b184f0dc.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Increase in American Personnel", "chunk_data": "Since the Constitution of India came into force there has been an appreciable increase in the American personnel of the Missionary organizations operating in India. This increase is obviously due to the deliberate policy of the International Missionary Council to send evangelistic teams to areas of special opportunities opened to the Gospel by the Constitutional provision of religious freedom in some of the newly independent nations, equipped with new resources for mass evangelism through the press, film, radio and television.", "time": { "start_year": 1950, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1950–1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "American missionaries", "International Missionary Council" ], "places": [ "India" ], "event": "The Committee reported an increase in American missionary personnel after the Constitution came into force.", "tags": [ "Christianity", "Missions", "Constitution" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 8, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 391 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00415-14963113c6e4b184f0dc.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Foreign Funds and Conversions", "chunk_data": "Enormous sums of foreign money flow into the country for Missionary work, comprising educational medical and evangelistic activities. It was out of such funds received from abroad that in Surguja the Lutherans and other proselytizing agencies were able to secure nearly 4,000 converts.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Lutheran missionaries" ], "places": [ "India", "Surguja" ], "event": "The Committee attributed nearly 4,000 conversions in Surguja to foreign funds supporting missionary work.", "tags": [ "Religion", "Missions", "Conversions" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 9, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 391 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00415-14963113c6e4b184f0dc.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Alleged Inducements to Conversion", "chunk_data": "Conversions are mostly brought about by undue influence, misrepresentation, etc., or in other words not by conviction but by various inducements offered for proselytization in various forms. Educational facilities such as free gifts of books and education are offered to secure the conversion of minors in the primary and secondary schools under the control of the Missions. Money lending is one of the various forms adopted as a mild form of pressure to induce proselytization.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Christian missionaries", "Minor students" ], "places": [ "India" ], "event": "The Committee alleged that conversions were encouraged through influence, misrepresentation, education, books, and money lending.", "tags": [ "Conversions", "Education", "Religion" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 10, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 391 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00415-14963113c6e4b184f0dc.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Pressure in Surguja and Other Areas", "chunk_data": "This is found very prominently in the case of Roman Catholic Missions operating in the hill tracts of Surguja, Raigarh, Mandla, etc. Cases where coercion was reported to have been used are generally of those converts who wish other members of the family to join their Christian parents or to secure girls in marriage.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Roman Catholic missionaries", "Christian converts" ], "places": [ "Surguja", "Raigarh", "Mandla" ], "event": "The Committee reported alleged pressure and coercion linked to Roman Catholic missions and family or marriage arrangements.", "tags": [ "Conversions", "Religion", "Society" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 11, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 391 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00415-14963113c6e4b184f0dc.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Political Uses of Missions", "chunk_data": "Missions are in some places used to serve extra-religious ends. In spite of assurances given by foreign and national Missionaries to authorities, instances of indirect political activities were brought to the notice of the Committee.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Foreign missionaries", "Indian missionaries" ], "places": [ "Madhya Pradesh" ], "event": "The Committee received reports of indirect political activities conducted through missions.", "tags": [ "Politics", "Religion", "Missions" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 12, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 391 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00415-14963113c6e4b184f0dc.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Concern About National Loyalty", "chunk_data": "As conversion muddles the convert's sense of unity and solidarity with his society, there is a danger of his loyalty to his country and State being undermined.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Christian converts" ], "places": [ "India", "Madhya Pradesh" ], "event": "The Committee expressed concern that conversion could weaken converts’ social solidarity and loyalty to the country and State.", "tags": [ "Conversions", "Nationalism", "Society" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 13, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 392 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00416-d6fe6e77c9418aa5bb87.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Propaganda Against Majority Religion", "chunk_data": "A vile propaganda against the religion of the majority community is being systematically and deliberately carried on so as to create an apprehension of breach of public peace.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Christian missionaries" ], "places": [ "India" ], "event": "The Committee alleged systematic propaganda against the majority religion that could threaten public peace.", "tags": [ "Religion", "Public Order", "Politics" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 14, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 392 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00416-d6fe6e77c9418aa5bb87.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Evangelization and Western Supremacy", "chunk_data": "Evangelization in India appears to be part of the uniform world policy to revive Christendom for re-establishing Western supremacy and is not prompted by spiritual motives. The objective is apparently to create a Christian minority with a view to disrupt the solidarity of the non-Christian societies, and the mass conversions of a considerable section of Adivasis with this ulterior motive is fraught with danger to the security of the State.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Christian missionaries", "Adivasis" ], "places": [ "India" ], "event": "The Committee interpreted evangelization as part of a policy aimed at Western supremacy and warned about mass conversions among Adivasis.", "tags": [ "Religion", "Colonialism", "Security" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 15, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 392 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00416-d6fe6e77c9418aa5bb87.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Institutions Used for Proselytization", "chunk_data": "Schools, hospitals and orphanages are used as a means to facilitate proselytization.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Christian missionaries" ], "places": [ "Madhya Pradesh" ], "event": "The Committee alleged that schools, hospitals, and orphanages facilitated proselytization.", "tags": [ "Education", "Healthcare", "Conversions" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 16, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 392 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00416-d6fe6e77c9418aa5bb87.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Targeting Tribals and Harijans", "chunk_data": "Tribals and Harijans are the special targets of aggressive evangelization for the reason that there is no adequate provision of hospitals, schools, orphanages and other social welfare services in the scheduled or specified areas.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Tribals", "Harijans" ], "places": [ "Scheduled areas", "Specified areas" ], "event": "The Committee stated that aggressive evangelization particularly targeted Tribals and Harijans in underserved areas.", "tags": [ "Religion", "Social Welfare", "Conversions" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 17, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 392 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00416-d6fe6e77c9418aa5bb87.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Government Neutrality Upheld", "chunk_data": "The Government of Madhya Pradesh have throughout followed a policy of absolute neutrality and non-interference in matters concerning religion and allegations of discrimination against Christians and harassment of them by Government officials have not been established. Such allegations have been part of the old established policy of the Missions to overawe local authority and to carry on propaganda in foreign countries.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Madhya Pradesh Government officials", "Christians", "Christian missionaries" ], "places": [ "Madhya Pradesh", "Foreign countries" ], "event": "The Committee found that allegations of official discrimination and harassment against Christians had not been established.", "tags": [ "Government", "Religion", "Politics" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 18, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 392 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00416-d6fe6e77c9418aa5bb87.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Withdrawal of Proselytizing Missionaries", "chunk_data": "Those Missionaries whose primary object is proselytization should be asked to withdraw. The large influx of foreign Missionaries is undesirable and should be checked.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Foreign missionaries" ], "places": [ "India" ], "event": "The Committee recommended withdrawal of missionaries primarily engaged in proselytization and restrictions on foreign missionary influx.", "tags": [ "Missions", "Government", "Conversions" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 19, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 392 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00416-d6fe6e77c9418aa5bb87.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Independent Indian Church", "chunk_data": "The best course for the Indian Churches to follow is to establish a United Independent Christian Church in India without being dependent on foreign support.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Indian Christians" ], "places": [ "India" ], "event": "The Committee recommended creation of a united independent Indian Christian Church free from foreign support.", "tags": [ "Christianity", "Church", "Nationalism" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 20, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 392 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00416-d6fe6e77c9418aa5bb87.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Professional Services and Conversion", "chunk_data": "The use of medical or other professional services as a direct means of making conversions should be prohibited by law.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Medical professionals", "Christian missionaries" ], "places": [ "India" ], "event": "The Committee recommended legally prohibiting the use of professional services to make conversions.", "tags": [ "Healthcare", "Conversions", "Law" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 21, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 392 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00416-d6fe6e77c9418aa5bb87.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Consent for Religious Education", "chunk_data": "To implement the provision in the Constitution of India prohibiting the imparting of religious education to children without the explicit consent of parents and guardians. The Department of Education should see that proper forms are prescribed and made available to all schools.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Children", "Parents", "Guardians", "Education officials" ], "places": [ "India" ], "event": "The Committee recommended enforcing parental consent requirements for religious education in schools.", "tags": [ "Education", "Religion", "Law" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 22, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 393 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00417-f8ee6af604ccab56dd65.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Prohibition of Coercive Conversion", "chunk_data": "Any attempt by force or fraud, or threats of illicit means or by moral and material assistance, or by taking advantage of any person's inexperience or confidence, or by exploiting any person's necessity, spiritual (mental) weakness or thoughtlessness, or, in general, any attempt or effort (whether successful or not), directly or indirectly to penetrate into the religious conscience of persons (whether of age or underage) of another faith, for the purpose of consciously altering their religious conscience or faith, so as to agree with the ideas or convictions of the proselytizing party should be absolutely prohibited.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Persons of other faiths", "Proselytizing parties" ], "places": [ "India" ], "event": "The Committee recommended an absolute prohibition on conversion through force, fraud, illicit means, or exploitation.", "tags": [ "Conversions", "Law", "Religion" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 23, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 393 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00417-f8ee6af604ccab56dd65.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Religious Institutions and Labour Recruitment", "chunk_data": "Religious institutions should not be permitted to engage in occupations like recruitment of labour for tea gardens.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Religious institutions", "Tea garden labourers" ], "places": [ "India" ], "event": "The Committee recommended barring religious institutions from recruiting labour for tea gardens.", "tags": [ "Religion", "Labour", "Government" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 24, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 393 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00417-f8ee6af604ccab56dd65.webp" ], "chunk_title": "State Responsibility for Orphanages", "chunk_data": "It is the primary duty of Government to conduct orphanages, as the State is the legal guardian of all minors who have no parents or natural guardians.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Orphaned minors", "Government officials" ], "places": [ "India" ], "event": "The Committee assigned the Government primary responsibility for operating orphanages.", "tags": [ "Government", "Social Welfare", "Children" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 25, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 393 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00417-f8ee6af604ccab56dd65.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Unified Missionary Organization", "chunk_data": "Government should issue an appeal to authoritative and representative Christian Missionary Organisations and to Christians in general to come together and to form an authoritative organisation which should lay down and inform Government in clear terms the policy which the Missions and Christians in general will follow in respect of propagating their religion, the methods to be followed in conversions, the type of propaganda which will be promoted and the attempts which will be made to confine their evangelistic activities within the limits of public order, morality and health.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Christian missionary organizations", "Indian Christians", "Government officials" ], "places": [ "India" ], "event": "The Committee recommended forming an authoritative Christian organization to define missionary policy and conversion methods.", "tags": [ "Christianity", "Government", "Public Order" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 26, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 393 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00417-f8ee6af604ccab56dd65.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Constitutional Clarification", "chunk_data": "An amendment of the Constitution of India may be sought, firstly to clarify that the right of propagation has been given only to the citizens of India and secondly that it does not include conversion brought about by force, fraud or illicit means.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Citizens of India" ], "places": [ "India" ], "event": "The Committee recommended constitutional clarification of the right to propagate religion and its limits.", "tags": [ "Constitution", "Law", "Religion" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 27, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 393 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00417-f8ee6af604ccab56dd65.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Controls on Illegal Conversions", "chunk_data": "Suitable control on conversions brought about through illegal means should be imposed. If necessary legislative measures should be enacted.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Government legislators" ], "places": [ "India" ], "event": "The Committee recommended controls and, if necessary, legislation against illegal conversions.", "tags": [ "Law", "Conversions", "Government" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 28, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 393 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00417-f8ee6af604ccab56dd65.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Advisory Boards for Minorities", "chunk_data": "Advisory Boards at State level, regional level and district level should be constituted of non-officials, minority communities like Tribals and Harijans being in a majority on these boards.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Tribals", "Harijans", "Non-official advisers" ], "places": [ "India" ], "event": "The Committee recommended advisory boards at state, regional, and district levels with majority representation from Tribals and Harijans.", "tags": [ "Government", "Minorities", "Politics" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 29, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 393 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00417-f8ee6af604ccab56dd65.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Professional Conduct Rules", "chunk_data": "Rules relating to the registration of Doctors, Nurses and other personnel employed in hospitals should be suitably amended to provide a condition against evangelistic activities during professional services.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Doctors", "Nurses", "Hospital personnel" ], "places": [ "India" ], "event": "The Committee recommended prohibiting evangelistic activity during professional medical services.", "tags": [ "Healthcare", "Religion", "Law" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 30, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 393 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00417-f8ee6af604ccab56dd65.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Control of Religious Literature", "chunk_data": "Circulation of literature meant for religious propaganda without the approval of the State Government should be prohibited.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "State Government officials", "Religious propagandists" ], "places": [ "Madhya Pradesh" ], "event": "The Committee recommended prohibiting circulation of religious propaganda literature without state approval.", "tags": [ "Religion", "Censorship", "Government" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 31, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 394 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00418-aa47994083a5ab1245c3.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Inspection of Recognized Institutions", "chunk_data": "Institutions in receipt of grants-in-aid or recognition from Government should be compulsorily inspected every quarter by officers of Government.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Government officers", "Institutional administrators" ], "places": [ "Madhya Pradesh" ], "event": "The Committee recommended quarterly government inspections of institutions receiving grants or recognition.", "tags": [ "Government", "Education", "Regulation" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 32, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 394 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00418-aa47994083a5ab1245c3.webp" ], "chunk_title": "State Social Services Policy", "chunk_data": "Government should lay down a policy that the responsibility of providing social services like education, health, medicine, etc., to members of scheduled tribes, castes and other backward classes will be solely of the State Government, and adequate services should be provided as early as possible, non-official organizations being permitted to run institutions only for members of their own religious faith.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Scheduled Tribes", "Scheduled Castes", "Other Backward Classes", "State Government officials" ], "places": [ "Madhya Pradesh" ], "event": "The Committee assigned the State responsibility for social services to disadvantaged communities and restricted non-official institutions.", "tags": [ "Social Welfare", "Government", "Education" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 33, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 394 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00418-aa47994083a5ab1245c3.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Department of Cultural Affairs", "chunk_data": "A separate department of cultural and religious affairs should be constituted at the State level to deal with these matters which should be in charge of a Minister belonging to a scheduled caste, tribe, or other backward classes and should have specially trained personnel at the various levels.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Minister from a Scheduled Caste", "Minister from a Scheduled Tribe", "Minister from Other Backward Classes" ], "places": [ "Madhya Pradesh" ], "event": "The Committee recommended a state department of cultural and religious affairs led by a minister from a disadvantaged community.", "tags": [ "Government", "Religion", "Administration" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 34, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 394 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00418-aa47994083a5ab1245c3.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Government Control of Foreign Assistance", "chunk_data": "No non-official agency should be permitted to secure foreign assistance except through Government channels.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Non-official agencies", "Government officials" ], "places": [ "India" ], "event": "The Committee recommended routing all foreign assistance to non-official agencies through government channels.", "tags": [ "Government", "Foreign Aid", "Regulation" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 35, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 394 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00418-aa47994083a5ab1245c3.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Foreigners in Scheduled Areas", "chunk_data": "No foreigner should be allowed to function in a scheduled or a specified area either independently or as a member of a religious institution unless he has given a declaration in writing that he will not take part in politics.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Foreigners", "Foreign missionaries" ], "places": [ "Scheduled areas", "Specified areas" ], "event": "The Committee recommended requiring foreign personnel in scheduled or specified areas to declare that they would not engage in politics.", "tags": [ "Government", "Politics", "Missions" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 36, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 394 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00418-aa47994083a5ab1245c3.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Approval of Uplift Programmes", "chunk_data": "Programmes of social and economic uplift by non-official or religious bodies should receive prior approval of the State.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "Non-official organizations", "Religious bodies", "State officials" ], "places": [ "Madhya Pradesh" ], "event": "The Committee recommended prior state approval for social and economic uplift programmes run by non-official or religious bodies.", "tags": [ "Government", "Social Welfare", "Regulation" ] } }, { "chunk_index": 37, "chapter_name": "Chapter 187: The Niyogi Committee’s Enquiry into the Activities of Christian Missionaries in Madhya Pradesh", "page_numbers": [ 394 ], "image_paths": [ "raw\\pages\\00418-aa47994083a5ab1245c3.webp" ], "chunk_title": "Committee Membership", "chunk_data": "(B. P. PATHAK)\n(M. B. NIYOGI)\nMember-Secretary\nChairman\n(Members)\n1. Ghanshyam Singh Gupta.\n2. S. K. George.\n3. Ratanlal Malavya.\n4. Bhanu Pratap Singh.", "time": { "start_year": 1956, "start_month": null, "start_date": null, "end_year": 1956, "end_month": null, "end_date": null, "time_display": "1956" }, "meta": { "people": [ "B. P. Pathak", "M. B. Niyogi", "Ghanshyam Singh Gupta", "S. K. George", "Ratanlal Malavya", "Bhanu Pratap Singh" ], "places": [ "Madhya Pradesh" ], "event": "The report identified B. P. Pathak as Member-Secretary, M. B. Niyogi as Chairman, and four additional committee members.", "tags": [ "Government", "Inquiry", "Christianity" ] } } ] }