{
  "book_metadata": {
    "book_name": "History of Christianity in India: Source Materials",
    "book_author": "M. K. Kuriakose",
    "publisher": "Indian Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge",
    "published_on": "2011"
  },
  "chunks": [
    {
      "chunk_index": 1,
      "chapter_name": "1882-1883. The Second Decennial Conference, Calcutta",
      "page_numbers": [
        233
      ],
      "image_paths": [
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      ],
      "chunk_title": "The Second Decennial Conference",
      "chunk_data": "127. THE SECOND DECENNIAL CONFERENCE, CALCUTTA (1882-1883 A.D.)\nThe second all India decennial Missionary Conference (the first having been held at Allahabad in 1872-73) was held at Calcutta. Portions of some of the papers read which are reproduced here are from the Report of the Second Decennial Conference Held at Calcutta, 1882-83. (1) pp. 62-63; (2) pp. 111-119; (3) pp. 251-260.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1882,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1883,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1882-1883"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [],
        "places": [
          "Calcutta",
          "Allahabad",
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "The second all-India Decennial Missionary Conference was held at Calcutta.",
        "tags": [
          "Christianity",
          "Conferences",
          "India"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 2,
      "chapter_name": "1882-1883. The Second Decennial Conference, Calcutta",
      "page_numbers": [
        233
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00257-d97657101450f34ca8ef.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Native Agency in Missions",
      "chunk_data": "1. W. Hooper on The Native Agency\nIt has happily become an axiomatic truth in all Missions, that the work, though begun by foreigners, must be carried on by natives; and that therefore, after the first introduction of the Gospel in a new country, the next great duty of the foreigner is, to set agoing that succession of native workers for God, which must before long take the whole work in their own country into their own hands.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1882,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1883,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1882-1883"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "W. Hooper"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "W. Hooper argues that foreign missionaries must establish a succession of native Christian workers to carry on the Gospel mission.",
        "tags": [
          "Christianity",
          "Missions",
          "Indigenous Leadership"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 3,
      "chapter_name": "1882-1883. The Second Decennial Conference, Calcutta",
      "page_numbers": [
        233
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00257-d97657101450f34ca8ef.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "The Rise of Native Workers",
      "chunk_data": "Peculiar circumstances in this country have indeed delayed the commencement of this task, and even now retard its realization, beyond what is the case where the people have been less long accustomed to dependence, and where the foreign missionaries have not had the misfortune of belonging, in the eyes of the unthinking mass, to the foreign government; but it is now, God be thanked, taken up on all sides with an energy and a determination which ensure success; and what is of still better augury, our native brethren are learning, and have in some cases thoroughly learnt, to discard the 'ma-bap' system, and to gird up their loins for the task which is above all theirs, and which may be solely theirs sooner than any of us think.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1882,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1883,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1882-1883"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "W. Hooper"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "Native Christians increasingly reject dependence on foreign missionaries and prepare to assume responsibility for Christian work.",
        "tags": [
          "Christianity",
          "Missions",
          "Indigenous Leadership"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 4,
      "chapter_name": "1882-1883. The Second Decennial Conference, Calcutta",
      "page_numbers": [
        233
      ],
      "image_paths": [
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      ],
      "chunk_title": "Directing Native Agency",
      "chunk_data": "But the starting of the system of native agency must be, from the necessities of the case, mainly if not entirely the work of foreigners; and it is, as I have observed, the most important of the various tasks which are imposed upon them at the present time. For on the manner in which it is started, and the direction given to it at starting, will very greatly depend, under God, the usefulness or uselessness (and if uselessness, then, surely, positive harmfulness) of the ever-increasing native Christian agency in the land.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1882,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1883,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1882-1883"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "W. Hooper"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "W. Hooper states that foreign missionaries must initially establish and guide native Christian agency carefully.",
        "tags": [
          "Christianity",
          "Missions",
          "Church Organization"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 5,
      "chapter_name": "1882-1883. The Second Decennial Conference, Calcutta",
      "page_numbers": [
        233,
        234
      ],
      "image_paths": [
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      ],
      "chunk_title": "The Future of Native Agency",
      "chunk_data": "The river is now a tiny stream, high up in the bosom of the mountain; on us mainly depends whether it will flow down on the one side, and after causing ruin and devastation by its headlong course soon lose itself in the sea, or whether it will gently descend on the other side in ever-increasing volume, and fertilize a whole continent with life-giving influence, before it is received into the bosom of eternity.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1882,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1883,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1882-1883"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "W. Hooper"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "W. Hooper compares developing native Christian agency to a river whose direction will determine whether it brings destruction or life-giving influence.",
        "tags": [
          "Christianity",
          "Missions",
          "Metaphor"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 6,
      "chapter_name": "1882-1883. The Second Decennial Conference, Calcutta",
      "page_numbers": [
        234
      ],
      "image_paths": [
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      ],
      "chunk_title": "The Indian Church Constitution",
      "chunk_data": "There is indeed, one respect in which it is not given us to determine the course which native agency in this country will take. Most of us, no doubt, honestly believe that it would be best for India, if its Church could be formed, if not exactly, yet essentially, on the lines of those European and American churches to which we severally belong. But God has ordained it otherwise, and our meeting here in this conference is a proof that we have accepted the facts which He has brought about; and not only resignedly accept them, but, knowing the inability of our own several churches to cope with the mighty task before the whole church in this country, we rejoice that what we, severally, could not do, is being done by others and thus we leave to our Divine Head who has the interests of His body at heart infinitely more than we can have them, to evolve the constitution of His Indian Church as He will; meanwhile believing, that we are best hastening forward whatever may be His gracious design, by strenuously, and yet charitably, urging on the development of native agency on those lines which we severally believe to be best, best for the people of this land and not only for us occidentals.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1882,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1883,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1882-1883"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "W. Hooper"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India",
          "Europe",
          "America"
        ],
        "event": "W. Hooper accepts that the Indian Church will develop its own constitution while urging the charitable development of native agency.",
        "tags": [
          "Christianity",
          "Church Organization",
          "Indigenous Leadership"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 7,
      "chapter_name": "1882-1883. The Second Decennial Conference, Calcutta",
      "page_numbers": [
        234
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00258-2e38bec33c4b1dd0e273.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Higher Education and Scripture",
      "chunk_data": "2. W. Miller on Higher Education\nI am asked to give in twenty minutes my thoughts on Higher Education, and the only guidance I have got from the Managing committee is that I am to deal with the question of how to maintain efficient Scripture teaching in College classes. I think that I cannot do more than notice this one aspect of the whole large theme. Its being prescribed, indicates that some experience difficulty in teaching it in other classes.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1882,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1883,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1882-1883"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "W. Miller"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Calcutta"
        ],
        "event": "W. Miller addresses the challenge of maintaining effective Scripture teaching in college classes.",
        "tags": [
          "Education",
          "Christianity",
          "Scripture"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 8,
      "chapter_name": "1882-1883. The Second Decennial Conference, Calcutta",
      "page_numbers": [
        234
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00258-2e38bec33c4b1dd0e273.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Students and Religious Study",
      "chunk_data": "For my own part I have no experience of any difficulty of the kind. It surely stands to reason that even though there be no distinctly spiritual interest aroused, young men passing through a course of liberal training should care more than school boys for the unfolding of moral principles, for the study of character, for the discussion of the deep questions concerning God and man, concerning duty, revelation, and immortality, to which every hour of Scripture study leads the way. In a class of students I should therefore expect to find a keener sympathy, a more thoughtful attention, and also from time to time, a more intelligent opposition, than it would be reasonable to count on in a class of younger boys.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1882,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1883,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1882-1883"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "W. Miller"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "W. Miller argues that college students engage thoughtfully with moral, theological, and scriptural questions.",
        "tags": [
          "Education",
          "Christianity",
          "Scripture"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 9,
      "chapter_name": "1882-1883. The Second Decennial Conference, Calcutta",
      "page_numbers": [
        234,
        235
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00258-2e38bec33c4b1dd0e273.webp",
        "raw\\pages\\00259-3f5e9a27e0e4d0d03040.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Madras Christian College Students",
      "chunk_data": "Upon the whole I have never found this expectation disappointed in the students of the Madras Christian College. I may quote from myself a sentence that stands on the records of the Education Commission now sitting in this city: No complaint has ever reached me of the four best hours of the students' week being devoted to subjects that count for nothing in the University Examinations.' I may safely add that it is not only that no complaint has reached me, but that to the best of my belief no desire to make the complaint exists.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1882,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1883,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1882-1883"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "W. Miller"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Madras",
          "Calcutta"
        ],
        "event": "W. Miller reports that students at Madras Christian College value Scripture study despite its absence from university examinations.",
        "tags": [
          "Education",
          "Christianity",
          "Higher Education"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 10,
      "chapter_name": "1882-1883. The Second Decennial Conference, Calcutta",
      "page_numbers": [
        235
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00259-3f5e9a27e0e4d0d03040.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Students Support Religious Education",
      "chunk_data": "I think I may venture to state a fact that shows the prevailing feeling of our students on this point. Quite recently I heard that some months ago the leading Debating Society in the College discussed the question :- Ought religion to form part of public education?' and that the decision arrived at was in the affirmative. That the education given in their own college should embrace religion, it probably had not occurred to the members of the Society to question: But so well is that side of things appreciated among us, that a majority at all events were prepared to hold that public instruction at large should be religious.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1882,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1883,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1882-1883"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "W. Miller"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Madras"
        ],
        "event": "A college debating society resolves that religion ought to form part of public education.",
        "tags": [
          "Education",
          "Religion",
          "Christianity"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 11,
      "chapter_name": "1882-1883. The Second Decennial Conference, Calcutta",
      "page_numbers": [
        235
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00259-3f5e9a27e0e4d0d03040.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Religious Teaching in College",
      "chunk_data": "What kind of religious teaching our young friends wished to have, and how they proposed to meet the practical difficulties that have puzzled more experienced heads than theirs, this I do not know; and if I did, I should not tell it. The Society is so entirely an affair of the students' own, originated, managed, controlled so completely by themselves, that I have hesitated a little as to whether I have the right even to mention their doings publicly. However, I believe they will excuse me. I am sure they are not ashamed of their opinions...",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1882,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1883,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1882-1883"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "W. Miller"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Madras"
        ],
        "event": "W. Miller explains that the students' debating society independently discussed the form and place of religious teaching.",
        "tags": [
          "Education",
          "Religion",
          "Student Life"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 12,
      "chapter_name": "1882-1883. The Second Decennial Conference, Calcutta",
      "page_numbers": [
        235
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00259-3f5e9a27e0e4d0d03040.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Awakening Thought Through Scripture",
      "chunk_data": "Yet another point occurs to me as deserving of attention. It regards the mode in which the Scripture teaching is given in our classes. I do not mean to imply that our practice in this respect differs from what prevails elsewhere. But I have little doubt that some part of the interest that Scripture instruction has hitherto commanded among our students should be ascribed to this cause. The aim has been more to awaken thought than to inculcate dogma.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1882,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1883,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1882-1883"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "W. Miller"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Madras"
        ],
        "event": "W. Miller attributes students' interest in Scripture to teaching designed to awaken thought rather than impose dogma.",
        "tags": [
          "Education",
          "Scripture",
          "Religion"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 13,
      "chapter_name": "1882-1883. The Second Decennial Conference, Calcutta",
      "page_numbers": [
        235
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00259-3f5e9a27e0e4d0d03040.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Open Examination of Beliefs",
      "chunk_data": "The giving of full expression to imperfect views, and to antagonistic views when it seemed to proceed from honest thought, has always been rather encouraged than repressed. Full recognition has been given to all that is good and true in every system of belief, and any cleaving has been welcomed to the gleams of light that, apart from Christianity, have shone across the darkness of the world, to the thoughts that 'Through many a dreary age upbore whate'er of good or wise yet lived in bard or sage.'",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1882,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1883,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1882-1883"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "W. Miller"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "W. Miller describes encouraging honest disagreement and recognizing truth and goodness in different systems of belief.",
        "tags": [
          "Education",
          "Religion",
          "Interfaith"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 14,
      "chapter_name": "1882-1883. The Second Decennial Conference, Calcutta",
      "page_numbers": [
        235
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00259-3f5e9a27e0e4d0d03040.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Truth and Moral Life",
      "chunk_data": "That is the mode of teaching that the whole principles of the divine dealings with our race has sanctioned, and it promises more fruitful, though it may be more tardy, results than any other-at least in the judgement of those who have faith in the might of truth and in the Spirit's promised presence, and who care more for one atom of moral life that is germinating within, than for a whole system of professed truth that has no living root within the soul...",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1882,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1883,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1882-1883"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "W. Miller"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "W. Miller maintains that patient teaching founded on truth and inner moral growth produces the most fruitful results.",
        "tags": [
          "Education",
          "Religion",
          "Christian Ethics"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 15,
      "chapter_name": "1882-1883. The Second Decennial Conference, Calcutta",
      "page_numbers": [
        235,
        236
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00259-3f5e9a27e0e4d0d03040.webp",
        "raw\\pages\\00260-26d9fdf0c7fb5cf9a262.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Native Church Self-Support",
      "chunk_data": "3. W. T. Satthianadhan on Self-Support and Self-Propagation of the Native Churches\n1. It is a fact admitted by all that the Native churches were not originally founded on this principle. Hence the great lesson of self-help is one of the hardest for the native congregations to learn. But the churches in Southern India have advanced so much that it ought to be inculcated and enforced slowly but steadily even if, in some cases, it may not be learnt readily and cheerfully.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1882,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1883,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1882-1883"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "W. T. Satthianadhan"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Southern India"
        ],
        "event": "W. T. Satthianadhan argues that Southern Indian churches should steadily learn self-support and self-help.",
        "tags": [
          "Christianity",
          "Church Organization",
          "Self-Support"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 16,
      "chapter_name": "1882-1883. The Second Decennial Conference, Calcutta",
      "page_numbers": [
        236
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00260-26d9fdf0c7fb5cf9a262.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Indigenous Religious Giving",
      "chunk_data": "To quote from a paper on a similar subject:-' The idea of supporting religious teachers is indigenous to the country. The Hindus recognise the principle and give large offerings to the Brahmin priests. A short time since, a heathen came into one of the Church Missionary Society's churches in the northern part of the diocese (of Travancore and Cochin), and put a small sum into the hands of the catechist saying that he wished to make an offering to the God whom the Christians worshipped. The large number of churches, about 500, built by the people, and of priests supported by them, in connection with the Roman and Syrian communities, are a recognition of the same principle.'",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1882,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1883,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1882-1883"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "W. T. Satthianadhan"
        ],
        "places": [
          "Travancore",
          "Cochin",
          "Southern India"
        ],
        "event": "Satthianadhan cites Hindu offerings, a heathen's gift to a Christian church, and approximately 500 Roman and Syrian churches as evidence of indigenous religious support.",
        "tags": [
          "Christianity",
          "Hinduism",
          "Church Organization"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 17,
      "chapter_name": "1882-1883. The Second Decennial Conference, Calcutta",
      "page_numbers": [
        236
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00260-26d9fdf0c7fb5cf9a262.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Individual Responsibility for Giving",
      "chunk_data": "2. In order to effect this object it is essential for each member of Christ's Church to feel, or to be made to feel, his or her own individual responsibility and duty in setting apart a portion of their income for the support of their church and ordinances, from a feeling of indebtedness to Him who though He was rich, yet for our sakes became poor, that we through His poverty might be rich.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1882,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1883,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1882-1883"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "W. T. Satthianadhan",
          "Jesus Christ"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "Satthianadhan calls on every church member to set aside part of their income for church support.",
        "tags": [
          "Christianity",
          "Church Organization",
          "Giving"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 18,
      "chapter_name": "1882-1883. The Second Decennial Conference, Calcutta",
      "page_numbers": [
        236
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00260-26d9fdf0c7fb5cf9a262.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Liberality Among the Poor",
      "chunk_data": "It is doubtless a well-known fact that the majority of Native Christians are poor, and are consequently not in a position to give largely for this object. But there is a liberality even in poverty, as was the case with the churches of Macedonia, and with the poor widow who gave all that she had of her living. It is a great point gained if the principle is indicated, and the sense of responsibility felt, by which every one who bears the name of Christ learns to give something however small, for the noble cause.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1882,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1883,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1882-1883"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "W. T. Satthianadhan"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India",
          "Macedonia"
        ],
        "event": "Satthianadhan emphasizes that even poor Christians can contribute to church support, following biblical examples of generous giving.",
        "tags": [
          "Christianity",
          "Giving",
          "Biblical Examples"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 19,
      "chapter_name": "1882-1883. The Second Decennial Conference, Calcutta",
      "page_numbers": [
        236
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00260-26d9fdf0c7fb5cf9a262.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Support From Many Contributors",
      "chunk_data": "There are some members of native churches who are in easy circumstances, and who may contribute largely of their substance with a view to promote the self-support of their church. But it is not so much from the rich few, as from the poor many, that the largest and steadiest support must be expected. It is better for instance to secure one rupee from sixteen persons at the rate of one anna each, than to have the whole amount from one individual only; for in the latter case, it may be lost by his removal or withdrawal; whereas in the former its continuance may fairly be reckoned on.",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1882,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1883,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1882-1883"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "W. T. Satthianadhan"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "Satthianadhan argues that sustained church support should come from many regular small contributions rather than one wealthy donor.",
        "tags": [
          "Christianity",
          "Giving",
          "Church Organization"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "chunk_index": 20,
      "chapter_name": "1882-1883. The Second Decennial Conference, Calcutta",
      "page_numbers": [
        236
      ],
      "image_paths": [
        "raw\\pages\\00260-26d9fdf0c7fb5cf9a262.webp"
      ],
      "chunk_title": "Systematic Giving by Members",
      "chunk_data": "What I mean is that each member of a church, however poor, should learn to give a portion of his income systematically, though it may not be much more than a pie. They should feel by experience that it is more blessed to give than to receive'. No convert should be received, no new congregations formed, nor churches funded without the lesson of self-help being first distinctly inculcated and enforced. In this important matter they should rely more upon the strength and promised aid of their Divine Head, and upon themselves, than upon on the support of Foreign Missionary Societies...",
      "time": {
        "start_year": 1882,
        "start_month": null,
        "start_date": null,
        "end_year": 1883,
        "end_month": null,
        "end_date": null,
        "time_display": "1882-1883"
      },
      "meta": {
        "people": [
          "W. T. Satthianadhan"
        ],
        "places": [
          "India"
        ],
        "event": "Satthianadhan calls for systematic giving by every church member and insists that self-help precede conversion, congregational formation, and church funding.",
        "tags": [
          "Christianity",
          "Self-Support",
          "Missions"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}