{
  "bookName": "HISTORY OF THE MISSIONS",
  "authorName": "BERNARD DE VAULX",
  "publisherName": "HAWTHORN BOOKS PUBLISHERS",
  "publicationYear": 2026,
  "chapterNumber": 17,
  "chapterName": "The Indonesian Missions",
  "pageFrom": 187,
  "pageTo": 188,
  "pages": [
    {
      "pageNumber": 187,
      "ocrText": "CHAPTER XVII\nTHE INDONESIAN MISSIONS\nA new era opened for the evangelization of Indonesia when,\nin 1807, the king of Holland, Louis-Napoleon, granted freedom\nof worship in the Low Countries, and two Dutch priests ex-\npelled from the Cape by England were able to land at Java.\nIn 1826, Propaganda established the Batavia prefecture which\nwas raised to vicariate status in 1842 and had within its\njurisdiction all the Dutch possessions.\nIn actual fact, during the first half of the nineteenth century,\napostolic work was almost confined to Java because of the\npoverty of the missionaries and the restrictions enforced by the\ngeneral Government which authorized preaching only after\nthe reception of a special permit which could always be\ncancelled.\nThe Missions ad infideles, properly so-called, began at\nBorneo, where a shipwrecked man, Cuarteron, who had vowed,\nif he were saved, to devote himself to the apostolate, became\nprefect apostolic of Labuan and North Borneo. He recruited\nno more than two missionaries, Italians, and they abandoned\nhim. After his death in 1879, the English Mill Hill Fathers\ntook over the mission he had founded.\nFr Sanders visited Dutch Borneo in 1851, but the first\nmission was that founded by the Jesuits in 1883. At Banka,\nwhere there were Catholic coolies among the workers in the\ntin mines, a missionary took up residence in 1853. In the\nfollowing year, another went to Sumatra. However, the island\nhad no organized mission before the Jesuits established one in\n1888. They were succeeded by Capuchins in 1911."
    },
    {
      "pageNumber": 188,
      "ocrText": "188\nTHE INDONESIAN MISSIONS\nThe process was the same in the Celebes. After a period\nwhen the apostolate was limited to annual visits by one priest\nworking alone, Manado, the Kei Islands and Macassar had\ntheir missions in 1885, 1888 and 1891 respectively.\nIt was the little islands of Sunda, Flores, Timor which pro-\nduced the richest harvests. The first visitor, Fr Sanders, found\nthere in 1860 enough Catholics (several thousands) to establish\na parish at Laratoeka. In 1862, he received support from the\nJesuits, among whom was Fr Le Cocq d'Armandville, who has\nremained famous for his conversion of fifteen pagan villages.\nFlores numbered 14,000 Catholics in 1875 and the mission was\nincreasingly successful in the years that followed. And this\nsuccess was in sharp contrast with the forlorn state of the\nother islands in the group and especially to the west, Bali\nand Lombok, where the missionaries were forbidden to land\nbecause of Moslem hostility.\nAfter the middle of the nineteenth century these missions\nreceived the help of teaching congregations of women: Ursuline\nSisters of Venray, Franciscan Sisters of Heythuisen, Sisters of\nCharity of Our Lady of Mercy of Tilburg, Sisters of the Com-\npany of Jesus, Mary and Joseph, and there were also the\nBrothers of the Congregation of St Aloysius of Dudenbooth.\nHolland did not rest content with sending missionaries only.\nShe supported them through her charitable societies such as\nthe Missionary Association for Dutch East India and by a\nconstant stream of prayer in the Missionary Union of the\nClergy modelled on similar societies existing in many Catholic\ncountries.\nThe division of the original Batavia vicariate began in 1902\nand continued at a rapid rate after the Great War. It brought\nabout the opening of seminaries and shortly afterwards, the\nrise of an Indonesian clergy."
    }
  ]
}